Which of the following process is not responsible for the presence of electric charge on the sol particles?

1.  Electron capture by sol particles

2.  Adsorption of ionic species from solution

3.  Formation of Helmholtz electrical double layer

4.  Absorption of ionic species from solution

Charge Absorption on of ionic species from solution is not responsible for the presence of electric the sol particles, Charge on the sol particles is due to
(i) Electrons capture by sol particles during electro dispersion of metal.
(ii) Preferential adsorption of ionic species from solution,
(ili) Formation of Helmholtz electrical double layer.