Ncert Exercises & Solutions

With the help of an example explain what is meant by the pseudo-first-order reaction.

A reaction in which one reactant is present in large amounts and its concentration does not get altered during the course of the reaction, behaves as first-order reaction. Such a reaction is called a pseudo-first-order reaction.

e.g., (i) hydrolysis of ethyl acetate

$\begin{array}{lcccc} conc. & {CH}_{3} {COOC}_{2} H_{5} + H_{2} O & \overset{H^{+}}{⟶} {CH}_{3} COOH & + C_{2} H_{5} OH \\ Conc. t = 0 & 0 .01 mol & 10 mol & 0 mol & 0 moi \\ Conc. att & 0 mol & 9 .99 mol & 0 .01 mol & 0 .01 mol \end{array}$
$Rate of reaction = k [{CH}_{3} {COOC}_{2} H_{5}]$

where. k = k' (H₂O]
e.g., (ii) inversion of cane sugar

$C_{12} H_{22} O_{11} + H_{2} O ⟶ C_{0} H_{12} O_{6} + C_{6} H_{12} O_{6}$
$\begin{array}{l} Rate of reaction = k [C_{12} H_{22} O_{11}] \\ where k = k^{'} [H_{2} O] \end{array}$

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