Ncert Exercises & Solutions

How can D₂O be prepared from water? Mention the physical properties in which D₂O differs from H₂O.Give at least three reactions of D₂O showing the exchange of hydrogen with deuterium.

(i) D₂O can be prepared by prolonged electrolysis of water.

(ii) Physical properties

(a) D₂O is colourless, odourless, tasteless liquid. It has maximum density

- 1.1073 g {mL}^{- 1}

11.6 ° C

(Maximum density of water at

4 ° C

(b) Solubility of salts in heavy water is less than in ordinary water because it is more viscous than ordinary water.

(c) Nearly, all physical constants of D₂O are higher than H₂O. It is due to the greater nuclear mass of deuterium atom than H-atom and stronger H-bonding in D₂O than H₂O.

(iii) Exchange reactions of hydrogen with deuterium

NaOH + D_{2} O \to NaOD + HOD

HCl + D_{2} O \to DCl + HOD

{NH}_{4} Cl + D_{2} O \to {NH}_{3} DCl + HOD

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