Ncert Exercises & Solutions

The following are the given statements;

(a) A system X is in thermal equilibrium with Y but not with Z. The systems Y and Z may be in thermal equilibrium with each other.

(b) A system X is in thermal equilibrium with Y but not with Z. The systems Y and Z are not in thermal equilibrium with each other.

(c) A system X is neither in thermal equilibrium with Y nor with Z. The systems Y and Z must be in thermal equilibrium with each other.

(d) A system X is neither in thermal equilibrium with Y nor with Z. The systems Y and Z may be in thermal equilibrium with each other.

Choose the correct alterative/s:

1. (b, d)

2. (a, d)

3. (c, d)

4. (a, c, d)

(1) Hint: Use the concept of Zeroth law.

Step 1: Analyse the first situation.

According to the question,

If,

T_{x} = T_{y} (∵

x and y are in thermal equilibrium

)

T_{x} \neq T_{z} (∵

x is not in thermal equilibrium with z

)

Clearly,

T_{y} \neq T_{z}

Hence, y and z are not in thermal equilibrium.

Step 2: Analyse the second situation.

Given,

T_{x} \neq T_{y}

and

T_{x} \neq T_{z}

We cannot say about the equilibrium of Y and Z, they may or may not be in equilibrium.

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