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Q. No.If \(\frac{N}{Z}\) ratio in a nucleus is smaller than the required value for stability, then:
1.
It may emit \(\alpha\text-\)particle.
2.
It may emit \(\beta^{+}\) particle.
3.
It may go for \(K\) capture.
4.
All of the above are possible.
Subtopic: Types of Decay |
50%
Level 3: 35%-60%
Hints
Determine the energy released in the process:
\({}_{1}^{2}\mathrm{H}+ {}_{1}^{2}\mathrm{H}\rightarrow {}_{2}^{4}\mathrm{He}+Q\)
Given: \(M\left({}_{1}^{2}\mathrm{H}\right)= 2.01471~\text{amu}, M\left({}_{2}^{4}\mathrm{He}\right)= 4.00388~\text{amu}\)
1. \(3.79\) MeV
2. \(13.79\) MeV
3. \(0.79\) MeV
4. \(23.79\) MeV
\({}_{1}^{2}\mathrm{H}+ {}_{1}^{2}\mathrm{H}\rightarrow {}_{2}^{4}\mathrm{He}+Q\)
Given: \(M\left({}_{1}^{2}\mathrm{H}\right)= 2.01471~\text{amu}, M\left({}_{2}^{4}\mathrm{He}\right)= 4.00388~\text{amu}\)
1. \(3.79\) MeV
2. \(13.79\) MeV
3. \(0.79\) MeV
4. \(23.79\) MeV
Subtopic: Mass-Energy Equivalent |
73%
Level 2: 60%+
Hints
When \({}_{3}^{7}\mathrm{Li}\) nuclei are bombarded by protons, and the resultant nuclei are \({}_{4}^{8}\mathrm{Be}\) the emitted particles will be:
| 1. | Neutrons | 2. | Alpha particles |
| 3. | Beta particles | 4. | Gamma photons |
Subtopic: Types of Decay |
53%
Level 3: 35%-60%
Hints
If in nuclear reactor using \(\mathrm{U}^{235}\) as fuel, the power output is \(4.8\) MW, the number of fissions per second is:
(Energy released per fission of \(\mathrm{U}^{235}=200\) MeV watts, \(1~\text{eV}= 1.6\times 10^{-19}~\text{J})\)
(Energy released per fission of \(\mathrm{U}^{235}=200\) MeV watts, \(1~\text{eV}= 1.6\times 10^{-19}~\text{J})\)
| 1. | \(1.5\times 10^{17}\) | 2. | \(3\times 10^{19}\) |
| 3. | \(1.5\times 10^{25}\) | 4. | \(3\times 10^{25}\) |
Subtopic: Nuclear Energy |
74%
Level 2: 60%+
Hints
Calculate the \(Q\text-\)value of the nuclear reaction:
\(2~{ }_{6}^{12} \mathrm{C}\rightarrow{ }_{10}^{20} \mathrm{Ne}+{ }_2^4 \mathrm{He}\)
The following data are given:
\(m({ }_{6}^{12} \mathrm{C})=12.000000~\text{amu}\)
\(m({ }_{10}^{20} \mathrm{Ne})=19.992439~\text{amu}\)
\(m({ }_{2}^{4} \mathrm{He})=4.002603~\text{amu}\)
1. \(3.16~\text{MeV}\)
2. \(5.25~\text{MeV}\)
3. \(3.91~\text{MeV}\)
4. \(4.65~\text{MeV}\)
\(2~{ }_{6}^{12} \mathrm{C}\rightarrow{ }_{10}^{20} \mathrm{Ne}+{ }_2^4 \mathrm{He}\)
The following data are given:
\(m({ }_{6}^{12} \mathrm{C})=12.000000~\text{amu}\)
\(m({ }_{10}^{20} \mathrm{Ne})=19.992439~\text{amu}\)
\(m({ }_{2}^{4} \mathrm{He})=4.002603~\text{amu}\)
1. \(3.16~\text{MeV}\)
2. \(5.25~\text{MeV}\)
3. \(3.91~\text{MeV}\)
4. \(4.65~\text{MeV}\)
Subtopic: Mass-Energy Equivalent |
57%
Level 3: 35%-60%
Hints
A nucleus \({}_{Z}^{A}\mathrm{X}\) emits \(9~\alpha\text-\)particles and \(5~\beta\text-\)particles. The ratio of total protons and neutrons in the final nucleus is:
| 1. | \(\dfrac{(Z - 13)}{\left(A - Z - 23\right)}\) | 2. | \(\dfrac{\left(Z - 18\right)}{\left(A - 36\right)}\) |
| 3. | \(\dfrac{\left(Z - 13\right)}{\left(A - 36\right)}\) | 4. | \(\dfrac{\left(Z - 13\right)}{\left(A - Z - 13\right)}\) |
Subtopic: Types of Decay |
62%
Level 2: 60%+
Hints
An element \(\mathrm{X}\) decays, first by positron emission, and then two \(\alpha\text-\)particles are emitted in successive radioactive decay. If the product nuclei have a mass number \(229\) and atomic number \(89\), the mass number and the atomic number of element \(\mathrm{X}\) are:
1. \(237,~93\)
2. \(237,~94\)
3. \(221,~84\)
4. \(237,~92\)
Subtopic: Types of Decay |
60%
Level 2: 60%+
Hints
What is the respective number of \(\alpha\) and \(\beta\text-\) particles emitted in the following radioactive decay?
\({}_{90}^{200}\mathrm{X}\rightarrow {}_{80}^{168}\mathrm{Y}\)
\({}_{90}^{200}\mathrm{X}\rightarrow {}_{80}^{168}\mathrm{Y}\)
| 1. | \(6\) and \(8\) | 2. | \(6\) and \(6\) |
| 3. | \(8\) and \(8\) | 4. | \(8\) and \(6\) |
Subtopic: Types of Decay |
85%
Level 1: 80%+
Hints
If a proton and anti-proton come close to each other and annihilate, how much energy will be released?
| 1. | \(1.5 \times10^{-10}~\text{J}\) | 2. | \(3 \times10^{-10}~\text{J}\) |
| 3. | \(4.5 \times10^{-10}~\text{J}\) | 4. | None of these |
Subtopic: Mass-Energy Equivalent |
57%
Level 3: 35%-60%
Hints
The nucleus \({ }_{6}^{12} \mathrm{C}\) absorbs an energetic neutron and emits \(\beta\text-\)particle. The resulting nucleus is:
| 1. | \({ }_{7}^{14} \mathrm{N}\) | 2. | \({ }_{5}^{13} \mathrm{B}\) |
| 3. | \({ }_{7}^{13} \mathrm{N}\) | 4. | \({ }_{6}^{13} \mathrm{C}\) |
Subtopic: Types of Decay |
66%
Level 2: 60%+
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