Identify the incorrect statement regarding viroids:
1. Viroids are the smallest infectious pathogens known.
2. They are composed solely of a short strand of circular, single-stranded RNA that has no protein coating.
3. The first recognized viroid, the pathogenic agent of the potato spindle tuber disease, was discovered by Theodor Otto Diener.
4. The nucleic acid of viroids codes for only a few proteins.

Bacteria that obtain energy from light and carbon from the fixation of carbon dioxide, using reducing equivalents from inorganic compounds are called as:

Identify the incorrect statement regarding Euglena:
1. Euglena's chloroplasts are surrounded by three membranes and contain pyrenoids
2. Euglena has two flagella rooted in basal bodies, one flagellum is very short, and does not protrude from the cell, while the other is relatively long
3. A photosensitive red spot is present towards the anterior end
4. When feeding as a heterotroph, Euglena takes in nutrients by osmotrophy

If you are told that the given diagram shows a single ‘super cell’ that can ‘move’, you would conclude that this must be:

1. A plasmodial slime mould
2. A pathogenic fungus
3. A coenobium of an alga
4. A bioluminescent dinoflagellate

Identify the organism shown in the figure and the function of the structures shown by arrow:

1. Paramoecium, trophic functions
2. Euglena, sexual reproduction
3. Paramoecium, osmoregulation
4. Euglena, photoreception

The given diagram shows the formation of:
  

1. Conidia on sporangiophores
2. Ascospores on asci
3. Basidiospores on a basidium
4. Conidia on conidiophores

The fruiting body of a fungus contains many structures with eight haploid spores lined up in a row. This fungus belongs to the class:

In an individual basidiomycete fungus, the size of the following [largest to smallest] will be:

In a fungus like Neurospora, conidia can be distinguished from ascospores as:
1. ascospores are diploid, conidia are haploid
2. ascospores are produced only by meiosis, conidia are produced only by mitosis
3. ascospores have undergone genetic recombination during their production, conidia have not
4. ascospores are larger, conidia are smaller

Identify the incorrect statement regarding Eubacteria:
1. Cyanobacteria can fix atmospheric nitrogen in specialized cells called heterocysts
2. Chemosynthetic autotrophic bacteria play a great role in recycling nitrogen and phosphorus
3. Heterotrophic bacteria are the only bacteria that do not include any economically useful microbe for humans
4. Mycoplasma lack cell wall and can survive without oxygen