Q. No.Given below are two statements : one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R).
Assertion (A):
The physico-chemical [abiotic] components of ecosystem alone characterise the habitat of an organism.
Reason (R):
Interactions between organisms are not relevant for the study of ecology.
In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below :
1.
Both (A) and (R) are false.
2.
Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) does not explain (A).
3.
(A) is true but (R) is false.
4.
Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) explains (A).
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| I: | range of conditions that it can tolerate |
| II: | diversity in the resources it utilises |
| III: | its distinct functional role in the ecological system |
| 1. | Only I | 2. | Only III |
| 3. | Only II and III | 4. | I, II and III |
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| Assertion (A): | Organisms living in oceans do not face any water-related problems. |
| Reason (R): | Life on Earth originated in water and is not sustainable without water. |
| 1. | Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) does not explain (A). |
| 2. | (A) is true but (R) is false. |
| 3. | (A) is false but (R) is true. |
| 4. | Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) explains (A). |
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| Assertion (A): | The availability of light on land is closely linked with that of temperature. |
| Reason (R): | Sun is the source for both – light and temperature. |
| 1. | (A) is true but (R) is false. |
| 2. | Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) explains (A). |
| 3. | Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) does not explain (A). |
| 4. | (A) is false but (R) is true. |
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| Statement I: | Many plants depend on sunlight to meet their photoperiodic requirement for flowering. |
| Statement II: | Many animals use photoperiod cues for timing their foraging, reproductive and migratory activities. |
| Statement III: | The spectral quality of solar radiation is not important for life. |
1. Only Statement I and Statement II
2. Only Statement I and Statement III
3. Only Statement II and Statement III
4. Statement I, Statement II and Statement III
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| I. | Its characteristics determine, to a large extent, the vegetation in any area. |
| II. | In the aquatic environment, the sediment characteristics often determine the type of benthic animals that can thrive there. |
1. Only I
2. Only II
3. Both I and II
4. Neither I nor II
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| 1. | Hemostasis | 2. | Homeostasis |
| 3. | Thermoregulation | 4. | Osmoregulation |
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| Assertion (A): | Ability to maintain a constant internal environment enhances the overall ‘fitness’ of the species. |
| Reason (R): | A constant internal environment permits all biochemical reactions and physiological functions to proceed with maximal efficiency. |
| 1. | (A) is true but (R) is false. |
| 2. | (A) is false but (R) is true. |
| 3. | Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) explains (A). |
| 4. | Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) does not explain (A). |
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| Assertion (A): | Conformers resign themselves to sub-optimal performance if the prevailing environmental conditions are not in their range of tolerance. |
| Reason (R): | An overwhelming majority of animals and nearly all plants cannot maintain a constant internal environment. |
| 1. | Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) explains (A). |
| 2. | Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) does not explain (A). |
| 3. | (A) is true but (R) is false. |
| 4. | (A) is false but (R) is true. |
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| I. | migrate temporarily |
| II. | suspend their development till the return of favourable conditions |
| III. | become ‘regulators’ if they are ‘conformers’ |
1. Only I and II
2. Only I and III
3. Only II and III
4. I, II and III
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