Examination of blood of a person suspected to be suffering from anemia shows a decrease in the number of all formed elements. He is most likely suffering from:
1. Iron deficiency
2. Megaloblastic anemia
3. Bone marrow dysfunction
4. Liver dysfunction

If due to some injury, the chordae tendineae of the tricuspid valve of the human heart are partially non-functional, what will be the immediate effect?
1. The blood will tend to flow back into the left atrium
2. The flow of blood into the pulmonary artery will be reduced
3. The flow of blood into aorta will be slowed down
4. The pacemaker will stop working

Assertion: Coronary arteries are especially vulnerable to obstruction by atherosclerotic plaques or thrombus.
Reason: Coronary arteries supply oxygenated blood to the muscles of the heart itself.

1. Both assertion and reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.
2. Both assertion and reason are true but the reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion.
3. Assertion is true but reason is false.
4. Both assertion and reason are false.

Assertion: Sudden emotional stress at the sight of blood may lead to syncope [fainting] in some individuals.
Reason: Due to sudden stress, simultaneous enhancement of parasympathetic nervous system (vagal) tone and withdrawal of sympathetic nervous system tone may occur.

1. Both assertion and reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.
2. Both assertion and reason are true but the reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion.
3. Assertion is true but reason is false.
4. Both assertion and reason are false.

Assertion: Although rare, but runners and athletes can suffer heart failure if they stop vigorous exercise abruptly.
Reason: To reduce the risk athletes are encouraged to follow hard exercise with moderate activity such as walking.

1. Both assertion and reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.
2. Both assertion and reason are true but the reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion.
3. Assertion is true but reason is false.
4. Both assertion and reason are false.

Assertion: Veins under skin appear blue in color.
Reason: All veins carry deoxygenated blood.

1. Both assertion and reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.
2. Both assertion and reason are true but the reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion.
3. Assertion is true but reason is false.
4. Both assertion and reason are false.

Assertion: Veins are also called "capacitance vessels".
Reason: Most veins have valves to prevent backflow of blood.

1. Both assertion and reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.
2. Both assertion and reason are true but the reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion.
3. Assertion is true but reason is false.
4. Both assertion and reason are false.

Assertion: Prolonged aerobic exercise training may also increase stroke volume, which frequently results in a lower (resting) heart rate.
Reason: Reduced heart rate prolongs ventricular diastole (filling), increasing end-diastolic volume, and ultimately allowing more blood to be ejected.

1. Both assertion and reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.
2. Both assertion and reason are true but the reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion.
3. Assertion is true but reason is false.
4. Both assertion and reason are false.

Assertion: In patients of liver failure the risk of bleeding is increased.
Reason: Liver synthesizes most of the clotting factors and activates Vitamin K.

1. Both assertion and reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.
2. Both assertion and reason are true but the reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion.
3. Assertion is true but reason is false.
4. Both assertion and reason are false.

Assertion: ABO blood group incompatibilities between the mother and child do not usually cause hemolytic disease of the newborn.
Reason: Females do not make antibodies against A and B antigens.

1. Both assertion and reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.
2. Both assertion and reason are true but the reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion.
3. Assertion is true but reason is false.
4. Both assertion and reason are false.