The best description of natural selection is
1. the survival of the fittest
2. the struggle for existence
3. the reproductive success of the members of a
population best adapted to the environment
4. a change in the proportion of variations within
a population

Single step large mutation leading to
speciation is also called
1. Founder’s effect
2. saltation
3. branching descent
4. natural selection

The chronological order of human evolution
from early to the recent is
1. Australopithecus $\to$ Ramapithecus $\to$ Homo
habilis $\to$ Homo erectus
2. Ramapithecus $\to$ Australopithecus $\to$ Homo
habilis $\to$ Homo erectus
3. Ramapithecus $\to$ Homo habilis
$\to$ Australopithecus $\to$ Homo erectus
4. Australopithecus $\to$ Homo habilis
$\to$ Ramapithecus $\to$ Homo erectus

Which of the following is not an example of analogous structure ?

1. Eye of Octopus and mammal

2. Flippers of penguins and dolphin

3. Sweet potato and potato 

4. Mouth parts of cockroach and mosquito

Mark the correct statement with respect to industrial melanism:

1. Lichens can be used as an industrial pollution indicator.

2. Low count of melanic moths are found in rural areas where industrialisation did not occur.

3. Neither grey nor the dark variety of moths has been completely wiped out.

4. All of these

Agriculture and human settlement started about 

1. 75000 years ago

2. 18000 years ago

3. 10000 years ago

4. 1.5 mya

During course of evolution, the land reptiles which went back into water to evolve into fish-like reptiles, about 200 mya would refer to 

1. Icthyosaurs

2. Tyrannosaurus

3. Pelycosaur

4. Therapsid

The theory of spontaneous generation says that 

1. Life originated from the decaying and rotting matter like straw , mud etc 

2. Life came on the earth from outerspace

3. Life comes from pre-existing life only

4. Life started with the replication of self replicating metabolic capsules 

Select the incorrect match with respect to placental mammals and Australian marsupials.

(1) Lemur : Spotted cuscus

(2) Bobcat : Tasmanian tiger

(3) Anteater : Numbat

(4) Koala : Flying squirrel

According to Hardy - weinberg principle, the frequency of homozygous recessive (aa) individuals in a population is denoted by

1. $p^2$

2. 2pq

3. $q^2$

4. p + q