Assertion (A): The presence of ketone bodies and glucose is indicative of diabetes mellitus.
Reason (R): Polyketonuria is the presence of excess ketone bodies in urine.

1. Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
2. Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
3. (A) is true but (R) is false.
4. Both (A) and (R) are false.
 

Subtopic:  Disorders of Excretory System |
 74%
Level 2: 60%+
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Assertion (A): The kangaroo rat can live in desert without drinking water.
Reason (R): They produce hypertonic urine and depend on metabolic water.
1. Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
2. Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
3. (A) is true but (R) is false.
4. Both (A) and (R) are false.
Subtopic:  Osmoregulation |
 87%
Level 1: 80%+
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Assertion (A): Kidneys play a very important role in maintaining constant composition of blood irrespective of the nature of the food/fluid intake.
Reason (R): Kidney is an osmoregulator.
1. Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
2. Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
3. (A) is true but (R) is false.
4. Both (A) and (R) are false.
Subtopic:  Human Kidney: Functions | Human Kidney: Location & Cut Section |
Level 4: Below 35%
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Assertion (A): Afferent arteriole is broader than efferent arteriole.
Reason (R): Both afferent and efferent artiole branch into numerous glomeruli.
1. Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
2. Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
3. (A) is true but (R) is false.
4. Both (A) and (R) are false.
Subtopic:  Formation of Urine | Autoregulation of GFR |
 63%
Level 2: 60%+
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Consider the given two statements
Assertion (A): During urination, urine is prevented from flowing reverse into the ureter.
Reason (R): Urethral sphincters relax during urination.
 
1. Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) correctly explains (A)
2. Both (A) and (R) are True but (R) does not correctly explains (A)
3. (A) is True but (R) is False
4. Both (A) and  (R) are False
Subtopic:  Micturition Reflex |
 65%
Level 2: 60%+
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Assertion (A): Micturition is the process of discharge of urine from the body.
Reason (R): It involves both sensory and motor neurons of CNS.
1. Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
2. Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
3. (A) is true but (R) is false.
4. Both (A) and (R) are false.
Subtopic:  Micturition Reflex |
 73%
Level 2: 60%+
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Assertion (A): The part of nephron present in the cortical region of kidney are PCT, DCT and Malphighian body.
Reason (R): PCT and DCT do not participate in the process of counter current mechanism.
1. Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
2. Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
3. (A) is true but (R) is false.
4. Both (A) and (R) are false.
Subtopic:  Human Kidney: Location & Cut Section | Nephron Part 1 |
 82%
Level 1: 80%+
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Assertion (A): The primary function of sweat is to facilitate a cooling effect on body surface.
Reason (R): Sweat excretes out NaCl and small amount of urea also.
 
1. Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
2. Both (A) and (R) are True but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
3. (A) is True but (R) is False.
4. Both (A) and (R) are False.
Subtopic:  Role of other Organs in Excretion |
 82%
Level 1: 80%+
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Assertion (A): The wall of atria release ANF in response to high blood pressure and blood volume.
Reason (R): ANF is a vasodialator and inhibits the release of renin to lower blood pressure.
1. Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
2. Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
3. (A) is true but (R) is false.
4. Both (A) and (R) are false.
Subtopic:  Autoregulation of GFR |
 77%
Level 2: 60%+
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Assertion (A): About 99% of the filtrate has to be reabsorbed by renal tubules.
Reason (R): Glucose is mainly reabsorbed by active transport in PCT.
1. Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
2. Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
3. (A) is true but (R) is false.
4. Both (A) and (R) are false.
Subtopic:  Formation of Urine |
 85%
Level 1: 80%+
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