The transfer of genetic material from one bacterium to another through the mediation of a viral vector is termed as
1. transduction     
2. conjugation     
3.  transformation         
4. translation

Subtopic:  Transforming Plant & Animal Cell |
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Significance of 'heat shock' method in bacterial transformation is to facilitate:
 

1. Binding of DNA to the cell wall
2. Uptake of DNA through membrane transport proteins
3. Uptake of DNA through transient pores in the bacterial cell wall
4. Expression of antibiotic resistance gene

Subtopic:  Transforming Plant & Animal Cell |
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From NCERT
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