In the screening process during rDNA experiments, clones that metabolize $\beta$-gal turn:

1. Colorless

2. Blue

3. Yellow

4. Green

Microinjection is suitable for :

1. Injecting an ovum into the sperm in IVF

2. Transforming animal cells

3. Injecting very small sized drug particles into neurons

4. Conferring antibiotic resistance to a certain strain of bacteria 

The plasmid pBR322 does not contain:

1. An origin of replication site

2. A gene that encodes for restrictor of plasmid copy number

3. Gene for Ampicillin and Streptomycin resistance

4. Sites for many restriction enzymes

The bioreactor shown in the diagram is:

1. Sparged stirred tank type

2. Airlift type

3. Simple stirred tank type

4. Fluidized bed type

What is true about the steps of PCR shown in the diagram given below?

l. Step A occurs at the temperature of 95-98${}^{\mathrm{o}}$ C

ll. Step B occurs at the temperature of 55${}^{\mathrm{o}}$ C

lll. Step C occurs at the temperature of 72${}^{\mathrm{o}}$ C

1. l and ll only

2. l and lll only

3. ll and lll only

4. l, ll and lll

The process of separation and purification of expressed protein before marketing is called

(1) upstream processing

(2) downstream processing

(3) bioprocessing

(4) postproduction processing

What is the criterion for DNA fragments movement on agarose gel during gel electrophoresis ?

(1) The larger the fragment size, the farther it moves

(2) The smaller the fragment size, the farther it moves

(3) Positively charged fragments move to farther end

(4) Negatively charged fragments do not move

A gene, whose expression helps to identify transformed cells is known as

1. selectable marker                 

2. vector

3. plasmid                                 

4. structural gene

The DNA fragments separated on an agarose gel can be visualised after staining with

(1) bromophenol blue

(2) acetocarmine

(3) aniline blue 

(4) ethidium bromide

Stirred-tank bioreactors have been designed for:

1. purification of product

2. addition of preservatives to the product

3. availability of oxygen throughout the process

4. ensuring anaerobic conditions in the culture vessel