Productivity is the rate of production of biomass expressed in

$\left(\mathrm{i}\right) \left(\mathrm{kcal} {\mathrm{m}}^{-3}\right) {\mathrm{yr}}^{-1} \left(\mathrm{ii}\right) {\mathrm{gm}}^{-2} {\mathrm{yr}}^{-\mathrm{1 \; \; \; \; \; \; }}$
$\left(\mathrm{iii}\right) {\mathrm{g}}^{-1} {\mathrm{yr}}^{-1} \left(\mathrm{iv}\right) \left(\mathrm{kcal} {\mathrm{m}}^{-2}\right) {\mathrm{yr}}^{-1}$

1. (ii)

2. (iii)

3. (ii) and (iv)

4. (i) and (iii)

An inverted pyramid of biomass can be found in which the ecosystem?

1. Forest

2. Marine

3. Grassland

4. Tundra

Which of the following is not a producer?

1. Spirogyra

2. Agaricus

3. Volvox

4. Nostoc

Which of the following ecosystems is most productive in terms of net primary production?

1. Deserts

2. Tropical rain forests

3. Oceans

4. Estuaries

Pyramid of numbers is

1. Always upright
2. Always inverted
3. Either upright or inverted
4. Neither upright nor inverted

Approximately how much of the solar energy that falls on the leaves of the plant is converted to chemical energy by photosynthesis?

1. Less than 1%

2. 2-10%

3. 30%

4. 50%

Among the following where do you think the process of decomposition would be the fastest?

1. Tropical rain forest

2. the Antarctic

3. Dry arid region

4. Alpine region

How much of the net primary productivity of a terrestrial ecosystem is eaten and digested by herbivores?

1. 1%

2. 10%

3. 40%

4. 90%

During the process of ecological succession, the changes that take place in communities are

1. orderly and sequential

2. random

3. very quick

4. not influenced by the physical environment

Q.12 Climax community is in a state of

1. non-equilibrium

2. equilibrium

3. disorder

4. constant change