Formation of wide variety of habitats takes place by:-

1. Types of species inhabiting that area

2. Types of predation

3. Regional and local variation of environment conditions

4. All of the above 

Secondary metabolites such as nicotine, strychnine and caffeine are produced by plants for their:

1. Growth response

2. Defence action

3. Effect on reproduction

4. Nutritive value

Read the given statements and select the correct option.
Statement A : Cattle do not graze on weeds of Calotropis.
Statement B : Calotropis have thorns and spines, as defense against herbivores.

1. Both statements A and B are incorrect.
2. Statement A is correct but statement B is
    incorrect.
3. Both statements A and B are correct but
    statement B is not the correct explanation
    of statement A.
4. Both statements A and B are correct and
    statement B is the correct explanation of
    statement A.

Match the column A with column B :-

               A                                                 B                 

a. phytophagous insects           i) A stage of suspended development 

b. Diapause                            ii) To avoid summer related problem 

c. Homeostasis                       iii) feeding on plant sap

d. Aestivation                        iv) Maintenance of constant internal environment 

1. a-(iv), b(ii), c-(iii), d-(i)

2. a-(iii), b(i), c-(iv), d-(ii)

3. a-(i), b(iii), c-(ii), d-(iv)

4. a-(iii), b(ii), c-(iv), d-(i)

Below is the diagrammatic representation of the response of organisms against temperature. Find out the correct match.

1. A-plants, B-birds

2. A-birds, B-mammals

3. C-mammals, B-plants

4. A-birds, B-plants

A set of characters for desert adaptation are

1. Respiratory roots, salt secreting glands, C₄ cycle

2. Turions, thick cuticle on leaf surface, CAM pathway

3. Phylloclade, stomatal pits, CAM pathway

4. Phyllode, aerenchyma, high OP of cell sap

Choose the odd one out with respect to adaptations in organisms

1. Altitude sickness in humans is a physiological means to counteract the stressful condition

2. Biochemical adaptations are seen in organisms present at great depths in oceans

3. Allen's rule is seen in mammals of colder climate

4. Desert lizards lack the physiological and behavioural means to manage their body temperature

Choose the odd one out with respect to structure formed in the different organisms during suspended phase

1. Bacteria, fungi               -  Thick wall spores

2. Higher plants                 -  Seed, vegetative propagules

3. Zooplanktons                 -  Diapause stage

4. Ectothermic organisms    -  Torpid state during favourable season

behavioural means to cope environmental variations include

1 secretion of solid urine by a kangaroo rat 

2 increase in red blood cell production at high altitude 

3 desert lizard basks in the sunlight when temperature drops below the comfort zone

4 leaves reduced to spines in opuntia 

According to Allen's rule, the mammals from colder climates have

1. shorter ears and longer limbs

2. longer ears and shorter limbs

3. longer ears and longer limbs

4. shorter ears and shorter limbs