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Q. No.Protonephridia are used for osmoregulation and excretion in all the following animals except:
| 1. | Planaria | 2. | Amphioxus |
| 3. | Rotifers | 4. | Prawn |
Subtopic: Nitrogenous Excretory Products |
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Match the type of nitrogenous waste with the corresponding organism group:
Codes:
| Column I | Column II | ||
| A. | Ammonotelism | P. | Birds |
| B. | Ureotelism | Q. | Mammals |
| C. | Uricotelism | R. | Aquatic animals |
| A | B | C | |
| 1. | P | Q | R |
| 2. | Q | P | R |
| 3. | R | P | Q |
| 4. | R | Q | P |
Subtopic: Nitrogenous Excretory Products |
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Consider the following statements:
| I: | Glomerulus is a tuft of capillaries formed by the efferent arteriole |
| II: | Afferent arteriole forms the peritubular capillary network |
| III: | Vasa recta is absent or highly reduced in juxtamedullary nephrons |
| 1. | Only III is correct |
| 2. | I is correct but II and III are incorrect |
| 3. | I, II and III are incorrect |
| 4. | I and II are correct |
Subtopic: Human Kidney: Location & Cut Section | Nephron Part 1 | Nephron Part 2 |
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The part of the nephron that plays a significant role in the maintenance of high osmolarity of medullary interstitial fluid is:
1. Proximal Convoluted Tubule (PCT)
2. Distal Convoluted Tubule (DCT)
3. Loop of Henle – ascending limb
4. Loop of Henle – descending limb
1. Proximal Convoluted Tubule (PCT)
2. Distal Convoluted Tubule (DCT)
3. Loop of Henle – ascending limb
4. Loop of Henle – descending limb
Subtopic: Nephron Part 1 | Nephron Part 2 |
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Regarding the human kidney:
| 1. | glomerulus is a tuft of capillaries formed by the efferent arteriole |
| 2. | vasa recta is highly reduced in juxtamedullary nephrons |
| 3. | DCTs of many nephrons open into a straight tube called collecting duct |
| 4. | columns of Bertini are extensions of medulla into the cortex |
Subtopic: Nephron Part 1 |
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Identify the incorrect statement:
| 1. | Glomerulus is a tuft of capillaries formed by afferent arteriole. |
| 2. | Blood from the glomerulus is carried away by an efferent arteriole. |
| 3. | Vasa recta is well developed in cortical nephrons. |
| 4. | The DCTs of many nephrons open into a straight tube called collecting duct. |
Subtopic: Nephron Part 1 | Nephron Part 2 |
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Consider the given two statements:
| Assertion (A): | As the filtrate moves down the descending limb of loop of Henle, it gets more diluted. |
| Reason (R): | The descending limb of loop of Henle is permeable to water but almost impermeable to electrolytes. |
| 1. | (A) is True but (R) is False |
| 2. | Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) correctly explains (A) |
| 3. | (A) is False but (R) is True |
| 4. | Both (A) and (R) are True but (R) does not correctly explain (A) |
Subtopic: Formation of Urine: Ultrafiltration 1 | Formation of Urine: Ultrafiltration 2 | Formation of Urine: Ultrafiltration |
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Consider the given two statements:
| Assertion (A): | The ascending limb of loop of Henle is also called the diluting segment of the nephron. |
| Reason (R): | In the ascending portion, the loop becomes impermeable to water and the cells of the loop actively reabsorb solutes from the luminal fluid. |
| 1. | (A) is True but (R) is False. |
| 2. | Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). |
| 3. | (A) is False but (R) is True. |
| 4. | Both (A) and (R) are True but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). |
Subtopic: Formation of Urine: Ultrafiltration 1 | Formation of Urine: Ultrafiltration 2 | Formation of Urine: Ultrafiltration |
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Which one of the following correctly explains the function of a specific part of a human nephron?
1. Henle's loop - most reabsorption of the major substances from the glomerular filtrate
2. Distal convoluted tubule - reabsorption of ions into the surrounding blood capillaries
3. Afferent arteriole - carries the blood away from the glomerulus towards the renal vein
4. Podocytes- create minute spaces (slit pores) for the filtration of blood into the Bowman's capsule
Subtopic: Formation of Urine |
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Which one of the following statements in regard to excretion by the human kidneys is correct?
1. Descending limb of loop of Henle is impermeable to water
2. Distal convoluted tubule is incapable of reabsorbing HCO-3
3. Nearly 99 per cent of the glomerular filtrate is reabsorbed by the renal tubules
4. Ascending limb of loop of Henle is impermeable to electrolytes
Subtopic: Formation of Urine |
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Level 1: 80%+
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