Double fertilization, a characteristic of angiosperms, results in the formation of:
1. | diploid zygote due to syngamy and triploid primary endosperm cell due to triple fusion |
2. | triploid zygote due to triple fusion and diploid primary endosperm cell due to syngamy |
3. | diploid zygote due to syngamy and haploid primary endosperm cell as it is formed pre-fertilization |
4. | diploid zygote due to syngamy and diploid primary endosperm cell due to triple fusion |
1. | after syngamy becomes the primary endosperm cells |
2. | after syngamy becomes the zygote |
3. | after triple fusion becomes the primary endosperm cell |
4. | after triple fusion becomes the zygote |
I: | After entering one of the synergids, the pollen tube releases the two male gametes into the cytoplasm of the synergid. |
II: | One of the male gametes moves towards the egg cell and fuses with its nucleus, thus completing the syngamy. |
III: | The other male gamete moves towards the two polar nuclei located in the central cell and fuses with them to produce a triploid primary endosperm nucleus (PEN). |
IV: | The central cell, after triple fusion, becomes the primary endosperm cell (PEC) and develops into the endosperm, while the zygote develops into an embryo |
Assertion (A): | Angiosperms exhibit double fertilization. |
Reason (R): | Two fusion events occur in each embryo sac, namely syngamy and triple fusion. |
1. | Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) correctly explains (A). |
2. | Both (A) and (R) are True but (R) does not correctly explain (A). |
3. | (A) is True; (R) is False |
4. | Both (A) and (R) are False |
I: | In the most common type of endosperm development, the primary endosperm nucleus (PEN) undergoes successive nuclear divisions to give rise to free nuclei, and subsequently cell wall formation occurs and the endosperm becomes cellular. |
II: | The number of free nuclei formed before cellularization is uniform in all angiosperms. |
III: | The coconut water from tender coconut that you are familiar with, is nothing but free-nuclear endosperm (made up of thousands of nuclei) and the surrounding white kernel is the cellular endosperm. |