Assertion(A): | The protons or hydrogen ions that are produced by the splitting of water accumulate within the lumen of the thylakoids. |
Reason(R): | The primary accepter of electrons, which is located towards the outer side of the membrane, transfers its electron not to an electron carrier but to an H carrier. |
1. | (A) is True but (R) is False |
2. | Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) explains (A) |
3. | Both (A) and (R) are True but (R) does not explain (A) |
4. | Both (A) and (R) are False |
The NADP reductase enzyme is located:
1. | within the thylakoid membrane |
2. | on the stroma side of the thylakoid membrane |
3. | on the lumen side of the thylakoid membrane |
4. | in the thylakoid lumen |
I: | Plastoquinone is located within the membrane |
II: | Plastocyanin is located on the inner lumen side of the membrane |
III: | NADP reductase is located on the stroma side of the membrane |
1. | Only I and II are correct |
2. | Only I and III are correct |
3. | Only II and III are correct |
4. | I, II and III are correct |
Chemiosmosis in chloroplasts is possible because of:
1. | establishment of a proton gradient across the thylakoid membrane. |
2. | diffusion of electrons through the ATP synthase. |
3. | osmosis of water from thylakoid to stroma. |
4. | presence of large amount of oxygen in the stroma. |
Assertion(A): | Breakdown of proton gradient across the thylakoid membrane leads to the synthesis of ATP. |
Reason(R): | The gradient is broken down due to the movement of protons across the membrane to the stroma through the transmembrane channel of the CF0 of the ATP synthase. |
1. | Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) correctly explains (A). |
2. | Both (A) and (R) are True but (R) does not correctly explain (A). |
3. | (A) is True but (R) is False. |
4. | Both (A) and (R) are False. |
1. | a membrane leaky to protons |
2. | a proton pump |
3. | a proton gradient |
4. | ATP synthase |
To establish a proton gradient across the thylakoid membrane, the protons are provided by:
1. | Glucose | 2. | Chlorophyll |
3. | Membrane proteins | 4. | Water |
The ATP synthase consists of two parts where:
1. | is a transmembrane channel and protrudes out towards stroma |
2. | is a transmembrane channel and protrudes out towards stroma |
3. | is a transmembrane channel and protrudes out towards lumen of thylakoid |
4. | is a transmembrane channel and protrudes out towards lumen of thylakoid |
Statement I: | CF1 particle of ATP synthase makes ATP molecules. |
Statement II: | CF1 particle of ATP synthase is embedded in the thylakoid membrane and forms a transmembrane channel that carries out facilitated diffusion of protons across the membrane. |
1. | Both Statement I and Statement II are correct |
2. | Both Statement I and Statement II are incorrect |
3. | Statement I is correct but Statement II is incorrect |
4. | Statement I is incorrect but Statement II is correct |