| 1. | ATP |
| 2. | Glucose |
| 3. | NAD+ |
| 4. | Acetyl CoA |
| 1. | The fructose 1, 6-bisphosphate is split into dihydroxyacetone phosphate and 3-phosphoglyceraldehyde (PGAL). |
| 2. | 3-phosphoglyceraldehyde (PGAL) is converted to 1, 3-bisphosphoglycerate (BPGA). |
| 3. | BPGA is converted to 3-phosphoglyceric acid (PGA). |
| 4. | Glucose and fructose are phosphorylated to give rise to glucose-6- phosphate. |
| A: | Oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate. |
| B: | Oxidative decarboxylation of isocitrate. |
| C: | Oxidative decarboxylation of alpha ketoglutarate. |
| D: | Oxidation of malic acid to oxaloacetic acid. |
| Assertion (A): | Naturally fermented alcoholic beverages never exceed 13% alcohol concentration. |
| Reason (R): | Yeasts die when the concentration of alcohol reaches around 13%, as alcohol becomes toxic to them. |
| 1. | Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) is the correct explanation of (A) |
| 2. | Both (A) and (R) are True but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A) |
| 3. | (A) is True but (R) is False |
| 4. | (A) is False but (R) is True |
| 1. | Oxaloacetic acid → Malic acid → Fumaric acid → Succinic acid → Succinyl CoA → α-ketoglutaric acid → Isocitric acid → Citric acid |
| 2. | Citric acid → α-ketoglutaric acid → Isocitric acid → Succinic acid → Succinyl CoA → Malic acid → Fumaric acid → Oxaloacetic acid |
| 3. | Acetyl CoA → Pyruvate → Citric acid → Malic acid → Oxaloacetic acid |
| 4. | Citric acid → Isocitric acid → α-ketoglutaric acid → Succinyl CoA → Succinic acid → Fumaric acid → Malic acid → Oxaloacetic acid |
| List-I (Respiratory Substrate) |
List-II (RQ Value) |
||
| A. | Glucose | I. | Less than 1 |
| B. | Fatty acids | II. | Equal to 1 |
| C. | Proteins | III. | Less than 1 |
| D. | Anaerobic respiration in yeast | IV. | Not applicable / Zero |
| 1. | It occurs in the cytoplasm instead of organelles. |
| 2. | It does not involve a proton gradient for ATP synthesis. |
| 3. | It directly synthesizes ATP without involving any electron transport chain. |
| 4. | It uses oxidation-reduction energy instead of light energy to create a proton gradient. |
| 1. | 28 | 2. | 30 |
| 3. | 36 | 4. | 38 |
| 1. | Oxaloacetate → Citrate |
| 2. | Fumarate → Malate |
| 3. | Isocitrate → α-ketoglutarate |
| 4. | Succinyl-CoA → Succinate |