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Q. No.Consider the following two statements:
| l. | The annual net primary productivity of the whole biosphere is approximately 170 billion tons (dry weight) of organic matter. |
| ll. | Majority of this is contributed by the oceans as they occupy larger area of earth. |
1. Both l and ll are correct and ll explains l
2. Both l and ll are correct but ll does not explain l
3. l is correct but ll is incorrect
4. l is incorrect but ll is correct
Subtopic: Ecosystem Productivity |
74%
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Consider the following four statements (a-d) and select the correct option stating which ones are true (T) or false (F)
| a. | Organisms at each trophic level depends on those at higher trophic level for their energy demands. |
| b. | Each trophic level has a certain mass of living material at a particular time called standing crop. |
| c. | Each trophic level has a certain mass of non-living material at a particular time called standing state. |
| d. | The number of trophic levels in a grazing food chain is not restricted. |
Options
| a | b | c | d | |
| 1. | T | T | F | F |
| 2. | F | T | F | T |
| 3. | T | F | T | F |
| 4. | F | T | T | F |
Subtopic: Energy Flow |
66%
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Consider the following statements concerning food chains
i) Removal of 80% tigers from an area resulted in greatly increased growth of vegetation.
ii) Removal of most of the carnivores resulted in an increased population of deers.
iii) The length of food chains is generally limited to 3 – 4 trophic levels due to energy loss.
iv) The length of food chains may vary from 2 to 8 trophic levels.
Which two of the above statements are correct?
1. i and ii
2. ii and iii
3. iii and iv
4. i and iv
Subtopic: Energy Flow |
91%
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Match the columns:
1. A = (i), B = (ii), C = (iii), D = (iv)
2. A = (iv), B = (ii), C = (i), D = (iii)
3. A = (ii), B = (i), C = (iv), D = (iii)
4. A = (iv), B = (ii), C = (iii), D = (i)
| Column-I | Column-II | ||
| A. | Tansley | (i) | Gave the term ecology |
| B. | Ramdeo Mishra | (ii) | Father of ecology |
| C. | Reiter | (iii) | Correctly defined ecology |
| D. | Ernst Haeckel | (iv) | Gave the term ecosystem |
1. A = (i), B = (ii), C = (iii), D = (iv)
2. A = (iv), B = (ii), C = (i), D = (iii)
3. A = (ii), B = (i), C = (iv), D = (iii)
4. A = (iv), B = (ii), C = (iii), D = (i)
Subtopic: Energy Flow | Ecological Flow |
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Identify the correct statements:
1. Only II
2. Only III
3. Only II and III
4. Only I
| I: | Primary succession is faster than the secondary succession |
| II: | Both hydrarch and xerarch successions lead to mesic conditions |
| III: | Rooted submerged plants are pioneers in primary hydrarch succession |
1. Only II
2. Only III
3. Only II and III
4. Only I
Subtopic: Ecological Succession |
70%
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Match each item in Column I with one in Column II and select the correct match from the codes given:
Codes:
| COLUMN I | COLUMN II | ||
| A | Standing crop | P | Mass of living material at each trophic level at a particular time |
| B | Standing state | Q | The amount of nutrients present in the soil at any given time |
| C | Net primary productivity | R | The rate of formation of new organic matter by consumers |
| D | Secondary productivity | S | Available biomass for the consumption to heterotrophs |
| A | B | C | D | |
| 1. | S | P | Q | R |
| 2. | P | Q | R | S |
| 3. | P | Q | S | R |
| 4. | R | P | Q | S |
Subtopic: Ecosystem Productivity | Energy Flow |
80%
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Identify the correct statements:
1. Only I and II
2. Only I and III
3. Only II and III
4. I, II and III
| I. | Pioneers in primary xerarch succession are lichens |
| II. | Pioneers in primary hydrarch succession are phytoplanktons |
| III. | Secondary succession is slower than primary succession |
1. Only I and II
2. Only I and III
3. Only II and III
4. I, II and III
Subtopic: Ecological Succession |
79%
From NCERT
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Which of the following statements regarding ecological succession is/are true?
| I. | The change in communities during ecological succession is orderly and sequential, parallel with the changes in the physical environment. |
| II. | Secondary succession is faster than primary succession. |
| III. | Usually, lichens are pioneer species during primary xerarch succession. |
| 1. | Only I |
| 2. | Only II |
| 3. | Both I and III |
| 4. | I, II and III |
Subtopic: Ecological Succession |
87%
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Select the incorrectly matched pair from the following options:
| 1. | Fragmentation - breakdown of detritus into smaller particles by detrivores |
| 2. | Leaching - water soluble inorganic nutrients go down into the soil horizon and get precipitated as unavailable salts |
| 3. | Catabolism - bacterial and fungal enzymes degrade simple inorganic substances into detritus |
| 4. | Humification - accumulation of a dark coloured amorphous substance that is highly resistant to microbial action and undergoes decomposition at an extremely slow rate |
Subtopic: Decomposition |
76%
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Match each item in Column I with one in Column II and choose the correct option from the codes given below:
| Column I | Column II | ||
| A. | Primary Succession | P. | Takes place in dry areas and the series progress from xeric to mesic conditions |
| B. | Secondary Succession | Q. | Occurs in areas like newly cooled lava, bare rock, newly created ponds or reservoirs and is generally slow |
| C. | Hydrarch Succession | R. | Takes place in wet areas and the series progress from hydric to mesic conditions |
| D. | Xerarch Succession | S. | Occurs in areas where natural biotic communities have been destroyed like abandoned farmlands, burned or cut forests, lands that have been flooded and is faster |
| A | B | C | D | |
| 1. | Q | S | R | P |
| 2. | S | Q | P | R |
| 3. | P | R | Q | S |
| 4. | R | P | S | Q |
Subtopic: Ecological Succession |
92%
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