| Column I | Column II | ||
| (a) | Louis Pasteur | (i) | Chemical evolution theory |
| (b) | Early Greek thinkers | (ii) | Inheritance of acquired characters |
| (c) | Oparin and Haldane | (iii) | Disapproved spontaneous generation theory |
| (d) | Lamarck | (iv) | Cosmozoic theory |
| Options: | (a) | (b) | (c) | (d) |
| 1. | (iii) | (iv) | (i) | (ii) |
| 2. | (iv) | (iii) | (ii) | (i) |
| 3. | (ii) | (i) | (iii) | (iv) |
| 4. | (i) | (ii) | (iii) | (iv) |
| Column-I | Column-II | ||
| a. | Lamarck | (i) | Origin of life preceded by chemical evolution |
| b. | Darwin | (ii) | Reproductive fitness |
| c. | Haldane | (iii) | Inheritance of acquired characters |
| d. | Malthus | (iv) | Populations are stable in size except for the seasonal fluctuations |
| Column I | Column II | ||
| a. | Saltation | (i) | Lamarck |
| b. | Inheritance of acquired characters | (ii) | Hugo de Vries |
| c. | Branching descent and natural selection | (iii) | Darwin |
| (iv) | Thomas Malthus |
| Assertion(A): | Human ancestors never used their tails so that tail expression gene has disappeared in them. |
| Reason(R): | Lamarck's theory of evolution is popularly called theory of continuity of germplasm. |
| 1. | Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). |
| 2. | Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). |
| 3. | (A) is true but (R) is false. |
| 4. | Both (A) and (R) are false. |
| Assertion(A): | According to Lamarck the rate and survival of organisms are different due to variations. |
| Reason(R): | Lamarck gave the theory of pangenesis. |
| 1. | Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). |
| 2. | Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). |
| 3. | (A) is true but (R) is false. |
| 4. | Both (A) and (R) are false. |
| Assertion(A): | Australian marsupials can be taken as an example of adaptive radiation. |
| Reason(R): | A number of marsupials, evolved from an ancestral stock, but all within the Australian island continent. |
| 1. | Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). |
| 2. | Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). |
| 3. | (A) is true but (R) is false. |
| 4. | Both (A) and (R) are false. |
| Assertion(A): | Evolution is not a directed process in the sense of determination. |
| Reason(R): | It is stochastic process based on chance events in nature and chance mutation in the organisms. |
| 1. | Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). |
| 2. | Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). |
| 3. | (A) is true but (R) is false. |
| 4. | Both (A) and (R) are false. |
| Assertion (A): | As per Darwin, over many generations, survivors will leave more progenies. |
| Reason (R): | Survivors have variations that make resource utilization better for them. |
| 1. | Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). |
| 2. | Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). |
| 3. | (A) is true, but (R) is false. |
| 4. | (A) is false, but (R) is true. |