Read the following four statements (a-d) and select the option which includes all correct ones only :-
(a) | Exchange of O2 and CO2 at alveoli and tissue occur by active transport. |
(b) | Long exposure to industrial dust leads to inflammation leading to fibrosis and thus causing serious lung damage. |
(c) | EICM and IICM are muscles actively involved in normal and forced breathing respectively. |
(d) | Spirometer is unable to find out the functional residual capacity and total lung capacity. |
1. b, c and d
2. b and d
3. a, b and d
4. a, b, c and d
In the process of ventilation, the following occur:
a. pressure in thorax increases
b. volume of thorax increases
c. diaphragm goes down
d. ribcage goes down
Which of these occur during inhalation?
1. a and b only
2. b and c only
3. c and d only
4. a and c only
Given below are four diseases:
I. | Fluorosis |
II. | Pneumoconiosis |
III. | Silicosis |
IV. | Asthma |
Which one of the above is/are associated with occupational hazards?
1. II only
2. II & III
3. II, III & IV
4. I, II & III
Match the disorder given in Column I with the feature most closely related to the disorder in Column II and select the correct match from the codes given:
Column I | Column II | ||
A. | Asthma | P. | Inflammation of bronchi and bronchioles |
B. | Emphysema | Q. | Damage to alveolar walls |
C. | Occupation lung disease | R. | Pulmonary fibrosis |
A | B | C | |
1. | P | Q | R |
2. | Q | P | R |
3. | Q | R | P |
4. | R | Q | P |
Assertion (A): | The amount of carbon dioxide that can diffuse through the diffusion membrane per unit difference in partial pressure is much higher compared to that of oxygen. |
Reason (R): | The solubility of carbon dioxide is 20 – 25 times lower than that of oxygen. |
1. | Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). |
2. | Both (A) and (R) are True but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). |
3. | (A) is True but (R) is False. |
4. | Both (A) and (R) are False. |
1. | Inspiratory capacity | Tidal volume + Inspiratory reserve volume |
2. | Expiratory capacity | Tidal volume + Expiratory reserve volume |
3. | Functional residual capacity | Residual volume + Inspiratory reserve volume |
4. | Vital capacity | Tidal volume + Inspiratory reserve volume + Expiratory reserve volume |
1. | Tidal volume in a healthy human adult | About 500 ml |
2. | Partial pressure of oxygen in oxygenated blood | 159 mm Hg |
3. | Resting respiratory rate in a healthy adult | 12 to 16 per minute |
4. | Percent of carbon dioxide transported as bicarbonate in the blood | 70 |
List I | List II |
A. Expiratory capacity | I. TV + IRV |
B. Vital capacity | II. ERV + TV + IRV |
C. Inspiratory capacity | III. TV + ERV |
D. Functional residual capacity | IV. ERV + RV |
List I | List II |
A. Residual volume | I. Air volume remains in the lungs after a normal expiration |
B. Vital capacity | II. Maximum air volume a person can breathe in after a forced expiration |
C. Tidal volume | III. Air volume remains in the lungs after a forcible expiration |
D. Functional residual capacity | Air volume inspired during a normal respiration |
(a) | It includes ERV, TV and IRV |
(b) | Total volume of air a person can inspire after a normal expiration |
(c) | The maximum volume of air a person can breathe in after forced expiration |
(d) | It includes ERV, RV and IRV. |
(e) | The maximum volume of air a person can breathe out after a forced inspiration. |
1. | (b), (d) and (e) | 2. | (a), (c) and (d) |
3. | (a), (c) and (e) | 4. | (a) and (e) |