Q. No.During the process of ecological succession, the changes that take place in communities are :
1. Orderly and sequential
2. Random
3. Very quick
4. Not influenced by the physical environment
Climax community is in a state of :
1. Non-equilibrium
2. Equilibrium
3. Disorder
4. Constant change
Ecological succession is:
1. gradual and predictable
2. gradual and unpredictable
3. sudden and predictable
4. sudden and unpredictable
The entire sequence of communities that successively change in a given area are called:
1. Taxa
2. Seres
3. Pioneers
4. Climax
Ecological succession has paralleled:
1. Glaciations
2. Mass extinctions
3. Genetic drifts
4. Evolution
In which of the following instances would an ecological succession regarded as secondary?
1. Newly cooled lava
2. Bare rock
3. Newly created pond
4. Abandoned farmland
Primary succession takes a very long time when compared to secondary succession, primarily, because:
1. immigration of pioneer species takes time
2. soil formation is a very slow process
3. there is a low availability of ecological niches
4. environmental conditions are highly variable
Identify the correct statements regarding ecological succession:
| I: | Usually, secondary succession is faster than primary succession. |
| II: | Ecological succession involves a change over time in vegetation only. |
| III: | Natural or human disturbance can convert a particular seral stage of succession to an earlier stage. |
1. Only I and II
2. Only I and III
3. Only II and III
4. I, II and III
Ecological succession leads to mesic conditions in:
| I: | Hydrarch succession |
| II: | Xerarch succession |
1. Both I and II
2. Only I
3. Only II
4. Neither I nor II
| Assertion (A): | Lichens are commonly the pioneer species during primary succession on rocks. |
| Reason (R): | Lichens are able to secrete acids to dissolve rocks. |
| 1. | Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). |
| 2. | Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). |
| 3. | (A) is true but (R) is false. |
| 4. | Both (A) and (R) are false. |
- If both the assertion and the reason are true and the reason is a correct explanation of the assertion
- If both the assertion and reason are true but the reason is not a correct explanation of the assertion
- If the assertion is true but the reason is false
- If both the assertion and reason are false
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