Identify the incorrectly matched pair:
Population interaction |
Species A |
Species B |
|
1. |
Mutualism |
+ |
+ |
2. |
Predation |
+ |
- |
3. |
Parasitism |
- |
- |
4. |
Commensalism |
+ |
0 |
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In broad ecological context, all the following would be considered examples of predation except:
1. Tiger eating deer
2. Sparrow eating seed
3. Cow eating herbs
4. Earthworm feeding on detritus
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Predators do not:
1. | act as ‘conduits’ for energy transfer across trophic levels |
2. | keep prey populations under control |
3. | over-exploit their prey |
4. | help in maintaining species diversity in a community |
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When certain exotic species are introduced into a geographical area, they become invasive mainly because:
1. | The invaded land has unlimited resources for the introduced species |
2. | The invaded land does not have its natural predator |
3. | The population of the introduced species in the invaded land is very low |
4. | Introduced species do not face any competition in the introduced land |
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In a field experiment, when all Pisaster starfish were removed from an enclosed intertidal area, the result was:
1. | Increase in diversity of invertebrates |
2. | Extinction of many invertebrate species |
3. | Inability of the Pisaster to enter the area again |
4. | Replacement of Pisaster by other starfish |
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Camouflage is:
1. | Cryptic coloration | 2. | Aposematic coloration |
3. | Incidental coloration | 4. | Dispersive coloration |
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The monarch butterfly acquires distasteful toxin during:
1. | Caterpillar stage by feeding on a poisonous weed |
2. | Caterpillar stage by feeding on sap of a grass |
3. | Adult stage by feeding on nectar of a flowering plant |
4. | Adult stage by feeding on latex of deadly night shade plant |
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About what percent of all insects is phytophagus?
1. | 1 % | 2. | 25 % |
3. | 65 % | 4. | 99 % |
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The most common means of morphological defense in plants against herbivory are:
1. | Spines | 2. | Thick cuticle |
3. | Thorns | 4. | Slime |
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Nicotine, caffeine, quinine and opium produced by plants are actually:
1. | Primary metabolites needed in reproduction |
2. | Secondary metabolites needed for growth |
3. | Alkaloids that are present in seeds |
4. | Defenses against grazers and browsers |
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