Q. No.| 1. | Providing the best catalyst in the form of improved organism usually a microbe or pure enzyme. |
| 2. | Creating optimal conditions through engineering for a catalyst to act. |
| 3. | Downstream processing technologies to purify the protein/organic compound. |
| 4. | Development of new genetically modified microbes that can be used as bio-weapons. |
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| I. | Use of improved crop varieties |
| II. | Use of better management practices |
| III. | Use of agrochemicals [fertilisers and pesticides] |
| 1. | Only I | 2. | Only I and III |
| 3. | Only I and II | 4. | I, II and III |
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| Statement I: | Use of genetically modified crops is an important option for increasing food production in the future. |
| Statement II: | Agrochemicals are too expensive for farmers in the developing world. |
| 1. | Statement I is correct and Statement II is incorrect |
| 2. | Both Statement I and Statement II are correct |
| 3. | Both Statement I and Statement II are incorrect |
| 4. | Statement I is incorrect and Statement II is correct |
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| Assertion (A): | Conventional breeding is not the answer if we want to increase yield in the existing crop varieties. |
| Reason (R): | The existing crop varieties have evolved into new species and traditional hybridisation is not possible now. |
| 1. | Both (A) and (R) are False. |
| 2. | Both (A) and (R) are True but (R) does not explain (A). |
| 3. | (A) is True but (R) is False. |
| 4. | Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) explains (A). |
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The term ‘totipotency’ refers to the capacity of a:
1. cell to generate the whole plant
2. bud to generate the whole plant
3. seed to germinate
4. cell to enlarge in size
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The most important advantage of micropropagation is:
| 1. | production of virus free plants |
| 2. | rapid production of a large number of genetically identical superior plants |
| 3. | creation of somaclonal variations for effective germplasm collection |
| 4. | production of transgenic plants |
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The plantlets produced during plant tissue culture are called somaclones because:
| 1. | They can be produced in a very short span of time |
| 2. | They are the result of the somatic hybridization of two cells |
| 3. | The gametes develop parthenogenetically to produce genetically identical plantlets |
| 4. | They are genetically identical to the original plant from which they were grown |
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Somaclonal variations are:
| 1. | seen in plants that have been produced by plant tissue culture. |
| 2. | due to environmental factors and have no evolutionary advantage. |
| 3. | induced by mutations and are inherited. |
| 4. | not useful in plant breeding programs. |
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In micro-propagation, to obtain virus free plants, the best explants can be:
1. Embryos
2. Anther
3. Meristem
4. Primary permanent tissues
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The first step to achieve somatic hybridization in plants will be:
| 1. | growing individual cells into callus |
| 2. | fusion of two cells in the presence of polyethylene glycol |
| 3. | converting plant cells into protoplast by cellulase |
| 4. | growing plant cells in cytokinin |
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