Statement I: | Gause's competitive exclusion principle states that two closely related species competing for different resources cannot exist indefinitely. |
Statement II: | According to Gause's principle, during competition, the inferior will be eliminated. This may be true if resources are limiting. |
1. | Both Statement I and Statement II are False. |
2. | Statement I is True but Statement II is False. |
3. | Statement I is False but Statement II is True. |
4. | Both Statement I and Statement II are True. |
Statement I: | When the fitness of one species is significantly lower in the presence of another species, the process is defined as competition. |
Statement II: | When fungi remain in association with living plants or animals, they are called saprophytes. |
Assertion (A): | The interaction, in which one species benefits and the other is neither harmed nor benefitted, is known as commensalism. |
Reason (R): | Egrets always forage close to where the cattles are grazing, otherwise it is difficult for the egrets to find the insect and catch. |
1. | Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). |
2. | Both (A) and (R) are True but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). |
3. | (A) is True but (R) is False |
4. | (A) is False but (R) is True. |
List I (Interaction) |
List II (Species A and B) |
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A. | Mutualism | I. | +(A), O(B) |
B. | Commensalism | II. | –(A), O(B) |
C. | Amensalism | III. | +(A), –(B) |
D. | Parasitism | IV | +(A), +(B) |
Options: | A | B | C | D |
1. | III | I | IV | II |
2. | IV | II | I | II |
3. | IV | I | II | III |
4. | IV | III | I | II |
List I (Interacting species) | List II (Name of Interaction) | ||
A. | A Leopard and a Lion in a Forest/grassland | I. | Competition |
B. | A Cuckoo laying an egg in a Crow's nest | II. | Brood parasitism |
C. | Fungi and root of a higher plant mycorrhizae | I. | Mutualism |
D. | A cattle egret and a Cattle in a field | IV. | Commensalism |
Options: | A | B | C | D |
1. | II | III | I | IV |
2. | I | II | III | IV |
3. | I | II | IV | III |
4. | III | IV | I | II |
Match the items in Column-I with those in Column-II:
Column-I | Column-II | ||
(a) | Herbivores-Plants | (i) | Commensalism |
(b) | Mycorrhiza-Plants | (ii) | Mutualism |
(c) | Sheep-Cattle | (iii) | Predation |
(d) | Orchid-Tree | (iv) | Competition |
Select the correct option from the following:
Options: | (a) | (b) | (c) | (d) |
1. | (iv) | (ii) | (i) | (iii) |
2. | (iii) | (ii) | (iv) | (i) |
3. | (ii) | (i) | (iii) | (iv) |
4. | (i) | (iii) | (iv) | (ii) |
Between which of the following, the relationship is not an example of commensalism?
1. Orchid and the tree on which it grows
2. Cattle Egret and grazing cattle
3. Sea Anemone and Clownfish
4. Female wasp and fig species