${\mathrm{M}}_{\mathrm{n}}$ and ${\mathrm{M}}_{\mathrm{P}}$ represent mass of neutron and proton respectively. If an element having atomic mass M has N-neutron and Z-proton, then the correct relation will be

(1) $\mathrm{M}<\left[{\mathrm{NM}}_{\mathrm{n}}+{\mathrm{ZM}}_{\mathrm{p}}\right]$         

(2) $\mathrm{M}>\left[{\mathrm{NM}}_{\mathrm{n}}+{\mathrm{ZM}}_{\mathrm{p}}\right]$

(3) $\mathrm{M}=\left[{\mathrm{NM}}_{\mathrm{n}}+{\mathrm{ZM}}_{\mathrm{p}}\right]$         

(4) $\mathrm{M}=\mathrm{N}\left[{\mathrm{M}}_{\mathrm{n}}+{\mathrm{M}}_{\mathrm{p}}\right]$

Energy generation in stars is mainly due to

(1) Chemical reactions               

(2) Fission of heavy nuclei

(3) Fusion of light nuclei             

(4) Fusion of heavy nuclei

When a ${}_4{}^9\mathrm{Be}$ atom is bombarded with $\mathrm{\alpha }$ particles, one of the product of nuclear transmutation is ${}_6{}^{12}\mathrm{C}$. The other is 

(1) ${}_{-1}{}^0\mathrm{e}$           

(2) ${}_1{}^1\mathrm{H}$

(3) ${}_1{}^2\mathrm{D}$            

(4) ${}_0{}^1\mathrm{n}$

During the nuclear fusion reaction 

(1) A heavy nucleus breaks into two fragments by itself

(2) A light nucleus bombarded by thermal neutrons breaks up

(3) A heavy nucleus bombarded by thermal neutrons breaks up

(4) Two light nuclei combine to give a heavier nucleus and  possibly other products

Fusion reaction takes place at high temperature because

(1) Atoms are ionised at high temperature

(2) Molecules break-up at high temperature

(3) Nuclei break-up at high temperature

(4) Kinetic energy is high enough to overcome repulsion between nuclei

In nuclear fission, the fission reactions proceeds with a projectile. Which of the following suits the best

(1) Slow proton             

(2) Fast neutron

(3) Slow neutron         

(4) None of these

${}_1{}^1\mathrm{H}+{}_1{}^1\mathrm{H}+{}_1{}^2\mathrm{H}\to \mathrm{X}+{}_1{}^0\mathrm{e}$ energy. The emitted particle is

(1) Neutron                 

(2) Proton

(3) $\mathrm{\alpha }$ particle               

(4) Neutrino

Which of these is a fusion reaction 

(1) ${}_1{}^3\mathrm{H}+{}_1{}^2\mathrm{H}\to {}_2{}^4\mathrm{He}+{}_0{}^1\mathrm{n}$

(2) ${}_{92}{}^{238}\mathrm{U}\to {}_{82}{}^{206}\mathrm{Pb}+8\left({}_2{}^4\mathrm{He}\right)+6\left({}_{-1}{}^0\mathrm{\beta }\right)$

(3) ${}_7{}^{12}\mathrm{C}\to {}_6{}^{12}\mathrm{C}+{\mathrm{\beta }}^{+}+\mathrm{\gamma }$

(4) None of these

Hydrogen bomb is based on which of the following phenomenon

(1) Nuclear fission             

(2) Nuclear fusion

(3) Radioactive decay       

(4) None of these

Neutrino is a particle, which is 

(1) Charged and has spin

(2) Charged and has no spin

(3) Charge less and has spin

(4) Charge less and has no spin