Match the items in Column - I with those in Column - II:

	Column I		Column II
(a)	Podocytes	(i)	Crystallised oxalate
(b)	Protonephridia	(ii)	Annelids
(c)	Nephridia	(iii)	Amphioxus
(d)	Renal calculi	(iv)	Filtration slits

Select the correct option from the following:

	(a)	(b)	(c)	(d)
1.	(iii)	(iv)	(ii)	(i)
2.	(iii)	(ii)	(iv)	(i)
3.	(iv)	(iii)	(ii)	(i)
4.	(iv)	(ii)	(iii)	(i)

Which of the following statement is correct with respect to to excretion?

1. Our lungs remove large amount of CO₂ (180 litres/day) and also significant quantity of water everyday
2. The ascending limb is permeable to water and also allows transport of electrolytes actively or passively
3. Conditional reabsorption of Na⁺ and water takes place in proximal convoluted tubule
4. Maximum water reabsorption takes place in proximal convoluted tubule, even in the presence of ADH

Urinary excretion is equivalent to:
GF = Glomerular filtration.
TR = Tubular reabsorption.
TS = Tubular secretion.

1. GF + TR + TS 
2. GF – (TR + TS)
3. GF – TR + TS 
4. GF – TS + TR

Which is not correctly matched?

1.  Malpighian tubules - Cockroaches, Mosquito

2.  Antennal glands - Planaria, Crab

3.  Nephridia - Earthworm

4.  Protonephridia - Amphioxus

Analysis of urine helps in clinical diagnosis of many metabolic disorder as well as malfunctioning of kidney. Given below are some disorders 

Choose the correct option which indicates disorders of diabetes mellitus if not controlled?
1. a only
2. a & b only
3. a,b & c only
4. a,b,c & d

Which of the following part of the nephron is not involved in tubular secretion?

1. Bowman’s capsule
2. PCT
3. DCT
4. Collecting Duct

In the accompanying diagram of a human nephron the functional parts are labelled as A, B, C, D, E.

Study the diagram to answer the questions given

Choose the correct option:

Blood present in afferent arteriole and efferent arteriole will differ in
I. Amount of protein.           
II. Number of blood cells.
III. Amount of glucose.       
IV. Amount of urea.

1. I, II, III & IV 

2. III & IV only

3. IV only 

4. III only

Which of the following cannot be expected in the filtrate when it arrives to descending limb of Henle’s loop?

1. I, II, III & IV 

2. I only

3. II, IV only 

4. I, II & IV

The osmotic concentration of glomerular filtrate is the highest at the bottom of the U-shaped Henle’s loop. It is about ____________ mOsmL^-1

1. 300
2. 600
3. 900
4. 1200