Name the pulmonary disease in which alveolar surface area involved in gas exchange is drastically reduced due to damage in the alveolar walls.

1. Pleurisky

2. Emphysema

3. Pneumonia

4. Asthma

Approximately seventy percent of carbon-dioxide absorbed by the blood will be transported to the lungs

1. as bicarbonate ions

2. in the form of dissolved gas molecules

3. by binding to R.B.C

4. as carbamino-haemoglobin

The figure shows a diagrammatic view of human respiratory system with labels A, B, C and D. Select the option which gives correct identification and main function and/or characteristics. 

1. B-pleural membrane-surround ribs on both sides to provide cushion against rubbing.

2. C-alveoli-thin walled vascular bag like structures for exchange of gases.

3. D-lower end of lungs-diaphragm pulls it down during inspiration.

4. A-trachea-long tube supported by complete cartilaginous rings for conducting inspired air.

Which one of the following is the correct statement for respiration in humans?

1. Cigarette smoking may lead to inflammation of bronchi

2. Neural signals from pneumotaxic centre in pons region of brain can increase the duration of inspiration

3. Workers in grinding and stone breaking industries may suffer from lung fibrosis

4. About 90% of carbon dioxide (CO₂) is carried by haemoglobin as carbaminohaemoglobin

People who have migrated from the planes to an area adjoining Rohtang Pass about six months back

1. Have more RBCs and their haemoglobin has lower binding affinity to 0₂

2. Are not physically fit to play games like football

3. Suffer from altitude sichness with symptoms like nausea, fatigue, etc.

4. have the usual RBC count but their haemoglobin has very binding affinity to 0₂

The figure given below shows a small part of the human lung where exchange of gases takes place. In which one of the options given below, the one part A, B, C or D is correctly identified along with its function?

   

Bulk of carbon dioxide (CO₂) released from body tissues into the blood is present as :
1. carbaminohaemoglobin in RBCs
2. bicarbonate in blood plasma and RBCs
3. free CO₂ in blood plasma
4. 70% carbaminohaemoglobin and 30% as bicarbonate