State True (T) or False (F) for the following statements and select the correct option
a. Mammals from colder climates generally have smaller ears and limbs to minimize the heat loss.
b. Experience of altitude sickness is due to high atmospheric pressure at high altitudes.
c. The size of a population for any species is not a static parameter.
d. Resources for growth for most of the animal population are infinite and become limiting sooner or later.

    a b c d
1. T T T T
2. F T T F
3. F F F F
4. T F T F

behavioural means to cope environmental variations include

1 secretion of solid urine by a kangaroo rat 

2 increase in red blood cell production at high altitude 

3 desert lizard basks in the sunlight when temperature drops below the comfort zone

4 leaves reduced to spines in opuntia 

Choose the odd one out with respect to structure formed in the different organisms during suspended phase

1. Bacteria, fungi               -  Thick wall spores

2. Higher plants                 -  Seed, vegetative propagules

3. Zooplanktons                 -  Diapause stage

4. Ectothermic organisms    -  Torpid state during favourable season

Choose the odd one out with respect to adaptations in organisms

1. Altitude sickness in humans is a physiological means to counteract the stressful condition

2. Biochemical adaptations are seen in organisms present at great depths in oceans

3. Allen's rule is seen in mammals of colder climate

4. Desert lizards lack the physiological and behavioural means to manage their body temperature

A set of characters for desert adaptation are

1. Respiratory roots, salt secreting glands, C₄ cycle

2. Turions, thick cuticle on leaf surface, CAM pathway

3. Phylloclade, stomatal pits, CAM pathway

4. Phyllode, aerenchyma, high OP of cell sap

Read the following statements and choose the correct option
Statement 1 : The success of mammals is largely due to their ability to maintain a constant body temperature.
Statement 2 : Majority of the animals and nearly all plants cannot maintain a constant internal environment.
1. Only statement 1 is correct.
2. Only statement 2 is correct.
3. Both statements are correct.
4. Both statements are incorrect.

Match the column A with column B :-

               A                                                 B                 

a. phytophagous insects           i) A stage of suspended development 

b. Diapause                            ii) To avoid summer related problem 

c. Homeostasis                       iii) feeding on plant sap

d. Aestivation                        iv) Maintenance of constant internal environment 

1. a-(iv), b(ii), c-(iii), d-(i)

2. a-(iii), b(i), c-(iv), d-(ii)

3. a-(i), b(iii), c-(ii), d-(iv)

4. a-(iii), b(ii), c-(iv), d-(i)

Formation of wide variety of habitats takes place by:-

1. Types of species inhabiting that area

2. Types of predation

3. Regional and local variation of environment conditions

4. All of the above 

The figure given below is a diagrammatic representation of the response of organisms to abiotic factors. What do (a), (b) and (c) represent, respectively?