Liquid oxygen at \(50\) K is heated up to \(300\) K at a constant pressure of \(1\) atm. The rate of heating is constant. Which one of the following graphs represents the variation of temperature with time?

1.		2.
3.		4.

Assertion: It is hotter over the top of a fire than at the same distance of the side. 
Reason: Air surrounding the fire conducts, more heat upward.

In a new temperature scale, freezing point of water is given a value $10\mathrm{x}$ and boiling point of water is $90\mathrm{x}$. Reading of new temperature scale for a temperature equal to $10°\mathrm{C}$ is 

1.  $14\mathrm{x}$

2.  $16\mathrm{x}$

3.  $18\mathrm{x}$

4.  $12\mathrm{x}$

The temperature of a body on the Kelvin scale is found to be x K. When it is measured by a Fahrenheit thermometer, it is found to be x$°$F, then the value of x is:
1. 40
2. 313
3. 574.25
4. 301.25

A black body at \(227^{\circ}~\mathrm{C}\) radiates heat at the rate of \(7~ \mathrm{cal-cm^{-2}s^{-1}}\).  At a temperature of \(727^{\circ}~\mathrm{C}\), the rate of heat radiated in the same units will be:
1. \(60\)
2. \(50\)
3. \(112\)
4. \(80\)

The two ends of a rod of length L and a uniform cross-sectional area A are kept at two temperatures T₁ and T₂ (T₁> T₂). The rate of heat transfer $\frac{\mathrm{dQ}}{\mathrm{dt}}$ through the rod in a steady state is given by:

1. $\frac{\mathrm{dQ}}{\mathrm{dt}}=\frac{\mathrm{KL}({\mathrm{T}}_1-{\mathrm{T}}_2)}{\mathrm{A}}$

2. $\frac{\mathrm{dQ}}{\mathrm{dt}}=\frac{\mathrm{K}({\mathrm{T}}_1-{\mathrm{T}}_2)}{\mathrm{LA}}$

3. $\frac{\mathrm{dQ}}{\mathrm{dt}}=\mathrm{KLA}({\mathrm{T}}_1-{\mathrm{T}}_2)$

4. $\frac{\mathrm{dQ}}{\mathrm{dt}}=\frac{\mathrm{KA}({\mathrm{T}}_1-{\mathrm{T}}_2)}{\mathrm{L}}$

If the cold junction of a thermocouple is kept at 0 °C and the hot junction is kept at T °C, then the relation between neutral temperature (${\mathrm{T}}_{\mathrm{n}}$) and temperature of inversion (${\mathrm{T}}_{\mathrm{i}}$) is:

1. ${\mathrm{T}}_{\mathrm{n}}=\frac{{\mathrm{T}}_{\mathrm{i}}}{2}$

2. ${\mathrm{T}}_{\mathrm{n}}$= 2${\mathrm{T}}_{\mathrm{i}}$

3. ${\mathrm{T}}_{\mathrm{n}}$= ${\mathrm{T}}_{\mathrm{i}}$ - T

4. ${\mathrm{T}}_{\mathrm{n}}$= ${\mathrm{T}}_{\mathrm{i}}$ + T

Assuming the sun to have a spherical outer surface of radius r, radiating like a black body at temperature t °C, the power received by a unit surface of the earth (normal to the incident rays) at a distance R from the centre of the sun is: 
(where σ is Stefan’s constant.)

1. $\frac{4{\mathrm{\pi r}}^2{\mathrm{\sigma t}}^4}{R^2}$

2. $\frac{r^2\sigma (t+273{)}^4}{4\mathrm{\pi }{R}^2}$

3. $\frac{16{\pi }^2{r}^2{\mathrm{\sigma t}}^4}{R^2}$

4. $\frac{r^2\sigma (t+273{)}^4}{R^2}$

A black body is at 727 °C. It emits energy at a rate that is proportional to:

1. $(727{)}^2$

2. $(1000{)}^4$

3. $(1000{)}^2$

4. $(727{)}^4$