(a) | All parasites are pathogens as they cause harm to the host. |
(b) | Pathogens have to adapt to live within the environment of the host, |
(c) | Pathogen of amoebic dysentery lives in the gut of host organism. |
(d) | Pathogens can enter human body by various means causing functional damage but do not interfere with normal vital activities. |
1. | Vaccine prepared by traditional method |
2. | Antigens present in the body of humans |
3. | Memory of the immune system |
4. | Site of interaction between antigen and antibody |