- 1(current)
Q. No.Read the given statements and select the correct option.
Statement A: Hydrostatic pressure during glomerular filtration is responsible for the formation of concentrated urine.
Statement B: During summer, when body loses a lot of water by evaporation, then the release of anti-diuretic hormone is suppressed from hypothalamus.
1. Both statements (A) and (B) are correct
2. Both statements (A) and (B) are incorrect
3. Only statement (B) is correct
4. Only statement (B) is incorrect
Statement A: Hydrostatic pressure during glomerular filtration is responsible for the formation of concentrated urine.
Statement B: During summer, when body loses a lot of water by evaporation, then the release of anti-diuretic hormone is suppressed from hypothalamus.
1. Both statements (A) and (B) are correct
2. Both statements (A) and (B) are incorrect
3. Only statement (B) is correct
4. Only statement (B) is incorrect
Subtopic: Â Concentration of Urine: I |Â Concentration of Urine: II |Â Autoregulation of GFR |Â Concentration of Urine |
Level 3: 35%-60%
Hints
Assertion (A): The descending limb of Henle's loop contain hypertonic urine and ascending Henle's loop urine becomes hypotonic.
Reason (R): The descending Henle's loop is impermeable to Na+ and ascending Henle's loop is impermeable to water.
1. Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
2. Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
3. (A) is true but (R) is false.
4. Both (A) and (R) are false.
Reason (R): The descending Henle's loop is impermeable to Na+ and ascending Henle's loop is impermeable to water.
1. Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
2. Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
3. (A) is true but (R) is false.
4. Both (A) and (R) are false.
Subtopic: Â Formation of Urine |Â Concentration of Urine |
 83%
Level 1: 80%+
Hints
Assertion (A): Glucose and amino acids in the filtrate are reabsorbed by tubular epithelial cells by active transport.
Reason (R): Glucose and amino acids are reabsorbed by sodium coupled transport in PCT.
1. Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
2. Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
3. (A) is true but (R) is false.
4. Both (A) and (R) are false.
Reason (R): Glucose and amino acids are reabsorbed by sodium coupled transport in PCT.
1. Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
2. Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
3. (A) is true but (R) is false.
4. Both (A) and (R) are false.
Subtopic: Â Concentration of Urine |
 54%
Level 3: 35%-60%
Hints
Assertion (A): The collecting duct and distal convoluted tubule maintain the ionic balance and pH of blood.
Reason (R): Collecting duct and DCT are actively involved in the secretion of H+ ions and bicarbonate ions.
1. Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
2. Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
3. (A) is true but (R) is false.
4. Both (A) and (R) are false.
Reason (R): Collecting duct and DCT are actively involved in the secretion of H+ ions and bicarbonate ions.
1. Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
2. Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
3. (A) is true but (R) is false.
4. Both (A) and (R) are false.
Subtopic: Â Concentration of Urine |
 51%
Level 3: 35%-60%
Hints
Match the columns:
1. A = iv, B = v, C = i, D = ii, E = iii
2. A = ii, B = iv, C = vi, D = i, E = iii
3. A = v, B = i, C = ii, D = iii, E = iv
4. A = iv, B = iii, C = vi, D = v, E = i
| Column-I | Column-II |
| A. Epithelial cells of Bowman's capsule | i. Juxtamedullary |
| B. Extension of cortex between the medullary pyramids as renal columns | ii. Vasa recta |
| C. Nephrons with long loop of Henle running deep into medulla | iii. Juxtaglomerular apparatus |
| D. A fine vessel of the peritubular parallel to Henle's loop | iv. Podocytes |
| E. A special sensitive region in the DCT and afferent arteriole at the location of their contact | v. Columns of Bertini vi. Cortical nephron |
1. A = iv, B = v, C = i, D = ii, E = iii
2. A = ii, B = iv, C = vi, D = i, E = iii
3. A = v, B = i, C = ii, D = iii, E = iv
4. A = iv, B = iii, C = vi, D = v, E = i
Subtopic: Â Nephron Part 1 |Â Nephron Part 2 |Â Concentration of Urine |
 90%
Level 1: 80%+
Hints
Find out the true (T)/ false (F) statements and choose the correct option :
I. DCT reabsorbs glucose
II. The term urine is used for the first time when glomerular filtrate reaches the collecting tubule
III. DCT helps in the reabsorption of Na+, H2O and HCO-3 and secretion of H+, K+ and NH3.
IV. The layers between the glomerular and Bowman's capsule through which filtration occurs are endothelium of glomerular blood vessel, basement membrane between endothelium of glomerular blood vessels and epithelium of the Bowman's capsule, and epithelium of Bowman's capsule
I. DCT reabsorbs glucose
II. The term urine is used for the first time when glomerular filtrate reaches the collecting tubule
III. DCT helps in the reabsorption of Na+, H2O and HCO-3 and secretion of H+, K+ and NH3.
IV. The layers between the glomerular and Bowman's capsule through which filtration occurs are endothelium of glomerular blood vessel, basement membrane between endothelium of glomerular blood vessels and epithelium of the Bowman's capsule, and epithelium of Bowman's capsule
| Option | I | II | III | IV |
| 1. | F | T | T | F |
| 2. | T | F | F | T |
| 3. | T | T | T | T |
| 4. | F | T | T | T |
Subtopic: Â Formation of Urine: Ultrafiltration 1 |Â Concentration of Urine |
 74%
Level 2: 60%+
Hints
- 1(current)
Q. No.
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