| 1. | Ho3+ | 2. | Nd3+ |
| 3. | Ce3+ | 4. | Tb3+ |
| 1. | 4f orbitals are penultimate |
| 2. | 4f orbitals have a greater shielding effect |
| 3. | 5f orbitals have a poor shielding effect |
| 4. | 5f orbitals have a greater shielding effect |
Zr (Z = 40) and Hf (Z = 72) have similar atomic and ionic radii because of:
| 1. | Lanthanoid contraction |
| 2. | Having similar chemical properties |
| 3. | Belonging to the same group |
| 4. | Diagonal relationship |
The incorrect statement among the following is:
| 1. | Lanthanoids are good conductors of heat and electricity. |
| 2. | Actinoids are highly reactive metals, especially when finely divided. |
| 3. | Actinoid contraction is greater for element to element than Lanthanoid contraction. |
| 4. | Most of the trivalent Lanthanoid ions are colourless in the solid-state. |
Identify the incorrect statement from the following:
| 1. | Zirconium and Hafnium have identical radii of 160 pm and 159 pm, respectively as a consequence of lanthanoid contraction. |
| 2. | Lanthanoids reveal only +3 oxidation state. |
| 3. | The lanthanoid ions other than the f0 type and the f14 type are all paramagnetic. |
| 4. | The overall decrease in atomic and ionic radii from lanthanum to lutetium is called lanthanoid contraction. |