Q. No.The first step in DNA fingerprinting begins with:
| 1. | DNA digestion with enzymes |
| 2. | DNA extraction |
| 3. | Sample collection (blood, saliva, hair root etc.) |
| 4. | Probe hybridisation |
Subtopic: DNA Fingerprinting |
76%
Level 2: 60%+
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Once a biological sample is collected, what must be done before analysis?
| 1. | Southern blotting |
| 2. | DNA extraction and purification |
| 3. | DNA denaturation |
| 4. | Gel electrophoresis |
Subtopic: DNA Fingerprinting |
64%
Level 2: 60%+
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Why is DNA purified at this stage?
| 1. | To make DNA fluorescent |
| 2. | To amplify DNA sequences |
| 3. | To prevent hybridisation with probes |
| 4. | To remove proteins and contaminants that interfere with enzyme action |
Subtopic: DNA Fingerprinting |
80%
Level 1: 80%+
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Which tool is used to cut DNA into fragments at specific recognition sites ?
1. DNA ligase
2. Restriction endonuclease
3. RNA polymerase
4. DNA helicase
1. DNA ligase
2. Restriction endonuclease
3. RNA polymerase
4. DNA helicase
Subtopic: DNA Fingerprinting |
95%
Level 1: 80%+
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Why are restriction enzymes critical for DNA fingerprinting?
| 1. | They cut at random points, creating diversity |
| 2. | They amplify DNA |
| 3. | They cut at precise recognition sequences, ensuring reproducibility |
| 4. | They denature DNA for gel loading |
Subtopic: DNA Fingerprinting |
95%
Level 1: 80%+
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After restriction enzymes cut the DNA into fragments, these pieces must be separated. Which laboratory technique is used at this stage?
1. Gel electrophoresis
2. PCR
3. Autoradiography
4. Blotting
1. Gel electrophoresis
2. PCR
3. Autoradiography
4. Blotting
Subtopic: DNA Fingerprinting |
90%
Level 1: 80%+
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Why does electrophoresis help in fingerprinting?
| 1. | It amplifies the DNA |
| 2. | It separates DAN fragments by size and charge |
| 3. | It fixes DNA permanently |
| 4. | It makes DNA visible without probes |
Subtopic: DNA Fingerprinting |
94%
Level 1: 80%+
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After electrophoresis, DNA fragments cannot be left in the gel for probing. What process transfers them to a nylon/nitrocellulose membrane?
1. Hybridisation
2. Western blotting
3. Northern blotting
4. Southern blotting
1. Hybridisation
2. Western blotting
3. Northern blotting
4. Southern blotting
Subtopic: DNA Fingerprinting |
80%
Level 1: 80%+
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Why is Southern blotting necessary?
1. Only I and II
2. Only I and III
3. Only II and III
4. I, II and III
| I: | Gel fragments are unstable and difficult to probe |
| II: | Probes cannot bind in gel matrix III: Membrane provides a durable, flat surface |
2. Only I and III
3. Only II and III
4. I, II and III
Subtopic: DNA Fingerprinting |
Level 3: 35%-60%
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Once DNA is transferred, it is exposed to labeled DNA probes. What is the purpose of probes?
| 1. | To bind to complementary VNTR sequences |
| 2. | To cut DNA further |
| 3. | To make DNA move faster in gel |
| 4. | To amplify VNTR regions |
Subtopic: DNA Fingerprinting |
82%
Level 1: 80%+
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