| 1. | A single phosphate group carrying charge |
| 2. | Only neutral amino and carboxyl groups |
| 3. | Multiple methyl groups with no charge |
| 4. | Both positive NH₃⁺ and negative COO⁻ groups |
| (I) | α-amino acids are organic compounds containing an amino group and an acidic group as substituents on the same carbon. |
| (II) | There are only twenty types of amino acids in total. |
| (III) | Tyrosine, phenylalanine, and tryptophan are aromatic amino acids. |
| A: | Dietary proteins are the source of essential amino acids. |
| B: | Humans cannot synthesise any amino acids. |