| 1. | Fusion of anther lobes to form a single sac |
| 2. | Lack of roots in early embryogenesis |
| 3. | Presence of double fertilisation producing endosperm |
| 4. | Absence of integuments around ovules |
| 1. | Gametophyte independent |
| 2. | Sporophyte independent |
| 3. | Both generations equally dominant |
| 4. | Gametophyte dominant |