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Q. No.Thermodynamics is not concerned about which of the following?
| 1. | Energy changes involved in a chemical reaction. |
| 2. | The extent to which a chemical reaction proceeds. |
| 3. | The rate at which a reaction proceeds. |
| 4. | The feasibility of a chemical reaction. |
Which among the following statements about open, closed, and isolated systems is correct?
| 1. | The presence of reacting species in a covered beaker represents an open system. |
| 2. | In a closed system, there is an exchange of both energy and matter between the system and its surroundings. |
| 3. | A system containing reactants in a closed vessel made of copper is an example of a closed system. |
| 4. | A system containing reactants in a thermos flask or any other closed, insulated vessel is an example of a closed system. |
| Assertion (A): | Variables like P, V, and T are called state functions. |
| Reason (R): |
Their values depend solely on the system's state, and not on how it is reached. |
| 1. | Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). |
| 2. | Both (A) and (R) are True but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). |
| 3. | (A) is True but (R) is False. |
| 4. | Both (A) and (R) are False. |
| List-I (Process) | List-II (Conditions) | ||
| A. | Isothermal process | I. | No heat exchange |
| B. | Isochoric process | II. | Carried out at constant temperature |
| C. | Isobaric process | III. | Carried out at constant volume |
| D. | Adiabatic process | IV. | Carried out at constant pressure |
| 1. | \(\text { A-IV, B-II, C-III, D-I }\) | 2. | \(\text { A-I, B-II, C-III, D-IV }\) |
| 3. | \(\text { A-II, B-III, C-IV, D-I }\) | 4. | \(\text { A-IV, B-III, C-II, D-I }\) |
Calculate the correct values of heat transfer (q), change in temperature (ΔT), and work done (W) for the free expansion of an ideal gas under adiabatic conditions.
1. q = 0, ΔT ≠ 0, W = 0
2. q ≠ 0, ΔT = 0, W = 0
3. q = 0, ΔT = 0, W = 0
4. q = 0, ΔT = 0, W ≠ 0
A. \(q_p \) (heat at constant pressure) is negative.
B. \(\Delta _r H \) (enthalpy change of the reaction) is positive.
C. \(\Delta _r H \) is negative.
D. \(q_p \) is positive.
Which of the following combinations is correct?
| 1. | B and D | 2. | C and D |
| 3. | A and B | 4. | A and C |
What is a necessary condition for an adiabatic process to occur?
1. ∆T = 0
2. ∆P = 0
3. q = 0
4. w = 0
The enthalpy of formation of all elements in their standard state is-
| 1. | Unity | 2. | Zero |
| 3. | Less than zero | 4. | Different for each element |
Calculate the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 60.0 g of aluminium from 35°C to 55°C.
(Molar heat capacity of Al = 24 J mol⁻¹ K⁻¹; molar mass of Al = 27 g mol⁻¹)
| 1. | \(1 . 07\) \(J\) | 2. | \(1 . 07\) \(kJ\) |
| 3. | \(106 . 7\) \(kJ\) | 4. | \(100 . 7\) \(kJ\) |
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