Emerson's enhancement effect and red drop have been instrumental in the discovery of
1. two photosystems operating simultaneously
2. photophosphorylation and cyclic electron transport
3. Oxidative phosphorylation
4. photophosphorylation and non-cyclic electron transport

During photorespiration, the oxygen consuming reaction(s) occur in :
1. stroma of chloroplasts and mitochondria
2. stroma of chloroplasts and peroxisomes
3. grana of chloroplasts and peroxisomes
4. stroma of chloroplasts

Photosynthesis in ${\mathrm{C}}_4$ plants is relatively less limited by atmospheric ${\mathrm{CO}}_2$ levels because

Which of the following statements is incorrect?
1. RuBisCO is a bifunctional enzyme
2. In C₄ plants, the site of RuBisCO activity is mesophyll cell
3. The substrate molecule for RuBisCO activity is a 5-carbon compound
4. RuBisCO action requires ATP and NADPH 

In sugarcane plant,${}^{14}\mathrm{CO}_2$ is fixed in malic acid in which the enzyme that fixes ${\mathrm{CO}}_2$ is
1. Ribulose biphosphate carboxylase
2. Phosphoenol pyruvic acid carboxylase
3. Ribulose phosphate kinase
4. Fructose phosphatase

The first step for initiation of photosynthesis will be

The oxygen evolved during photosynthesis comes from water molecules. Which one of the following pairs of elements are involved in this reaction?
1. Manganese and chlorine
2. Manganese and potassium
3. Manganese and molybdenum
4. Manganese and calcium

In photosynthesis, the light-independent reactions take place at

Read the following four statements a, b, c and d and select the right option having both correct statements:

Options:

A plant in your garden avoids photorespiratory losses, has improved water use efficiency, shows high rates of photosynthesis at high temperatures and has improved efficiency of nitrogen utilization. In which of the following physiological groups would you assign this plant?