Q. No.In the chapter ‘Microbes in Human Welfare’, the textbook includes which of the following in the list of microbes?
I.
protozoa
II.
Viruses
III.
Viroids
IV.
Prions
1.
Only I, II and III
2.
Only I, III and IV
3.
Only II, III and IV
4.
I, II, III and IV
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Which of the following alcoholic drinks are produced without distillation?
| 1. | Whiskey and Brandy | 2. | Brandy and Rum |
| 3. | Wine and Beer | 4. | Wine and Brandy |
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| Statement I. | Rhizobium forms symbiotic associations and forms nodules on the roots of non-leguminous plants. |
| Statement II. | Azotobacter and Azospirillum can fix atmospheric nitrogen only as symbionts. |
| Statement III. | Anabaena, Nostoc and Oscillatoria are autotrophic microbes capable of fixing atmospheric nitrogen. |
1. Only Statement I and Statement II.
2. Only Statement III.
3. Only Statement I.
4. Statement I, Statement II and Statement III.
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| I: | Trichoderma species are free-living fungi that are very common in root ecosystems. |
| II: | Baculoviruses belong to the Genus Nucleopolyhedrovirus. |
| 1. | Only I | 2. | Only II |
| 3. | Both I and II | 4. | Neither I nor II |
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| I. | The bacteria Bacillus thuringiensis is an example of a microbial biocontrol agent that can be introduced in order to control butterfly caterpillars. |
| II. | The bacteria are available in sachets as dried spores which are mixed with water and sprayed onto vulnerable plants such as brassicas and fruit trees, where these are eaten by the insect larvae. |
| III. | In the gut of the larvae, the toxin is released and the larvae get killed. |
| IV. | The bacterial disease will kill the caterpillars, but leave other insects unharmed. |
| V. | Because of the inadequate development of methods of genetic engineering, scientists have not been able to introduce B. thuringiensis toxin genes into plants. |
| 1. | 2 | 2. | 3 |
| 3. | 4 | 4. | 5 |
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| Statement I: | organic farming is a holistic approach that seeks to develop an understanding of the webs of interaction between the myriad of organisms that constitute the field fauna and flora. |
| Statement II: | An important part of the biological farming approach is to become familiar with the various life forms that inhabit the field, predators as well as pests. |
1. Both Statement I and Statement II are correct.
2. Only Statement I is correct.
3. Only Statement II is correct.
4. Both Statement I and Statement II are incorrect.
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| Assertion (A): | The organic farmer holds the view that the eradication of the creatures that are often described as pests is undesirable. |
| Reason (R): | The eradication of the creatures that are often described as pests is not possible. |
| 1. | (A) is true but (R) is false. |
| 2. | Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) correctly explains (A). |
| 3. | Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) does not correctly explain (A). |
| 4. | Both (A) and (R) are false. |
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| Assertion (A): | The organic farmer works to create a system where the insects [pests] are not eradicated but kept at a manageable level. |
| Reason (R): | A key belief of organic farmer is that biodiversity furthers health and the more variety a landscape has, the more sustainable it is. |
| 1. | (A) is true but (R) is false. |
| 2. | Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) correctly explains (A). |
| 3. | Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) does not explain (A). |
| 4. | Both (A) and (R) are false. |
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| Statement I: | Gobar gas is biogas, but not all biogas can be called gobar gas. |
| Statement II: | Gobar gas strictly refers to cow dung biogas obtained from the anaerobic digestion of cow dung only, however, the final product isn’t much different, and gobar gas is usually called biogas by subject matter experts. |
2. Only Statement I is correct.
3. Only Statement II is correct.
4. Both Statement I and Statement II are incorrect.
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| Assertion (A): | Microbes produce different types of gaseous end-products during growth and metabolism. |
| Reason (R): | The type of gas produced depends upon the microbes and the organic substrates they utilise. |
| 1. | (A) is true but (R) is false. |
| 2. | Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) correctly explains (A). |
| 3. | Both (A) and (R) are false. |
| 4. | Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) does not explain (A). |
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