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Q. No.Mark the appropriate reagent used to distinguish vicinal and geminal dihalides.:
| 1. | KOH (aq.) | 2. | KOH(alc.) |
| 3. | Zn dust | 4. | None of these |
Subtopic: Â Mechanism of Reactions |
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Wurtz reaction is not preferred for the preparation of alkanes containing an odd number of carbon atoms because:
| 1. | Boiling points of alkanes obtained in the mixture are very close. |
| 2. | Melting points of alkanes obtained in the mixture are very close. |
| 3. | Lattice energy of alkanes obtained in the mixture are very close. |
| 4. | None of the above. |
Subtopic: Â Mechanism of Reactions |Â Chemical Properties |
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Subtopic: Â Mechanism of Reactions |
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Product:
Subtopic: Â Mechanism of Reactions |
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Case Study
A halogen is more electronegative than carbon. Consequently, the two atoms do not share their bonding electrons equally, because a partial negative charge is formed on halogen and a partial positive charge on the carbon to which it is bonded. It is the polar-carbon halogen bond that causes alkyl halides to undergo substitution reactions.
There are two important mechanisms for the substitution reaction:
1. SN1: The carbon-halogen bond breaks heterolytically without any assistance from the nucleophile, forming a carbocation. The carbocation- an electrophile-then reacts with the nucleophile to form the substitution product
2. SN2: A nucleophile is attracted to the partially positively charged carbon (an electrophile).As the nucleophile approaches the carbon and forms a new bond, the carbon-halogen bond breaks heterolytically (the halogen takes both of the bonding electrons)
Based on the above, given the following reaction.
Compound 'A', in the above reaction, is
1.
2. \(CH_2 = CH -CH_2-OH\)
3. \(~~~~~~~~~~~~~OH \\ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~|\\ CH_2 = C -CH_3\)
4. \(~~~~~~~~~~~~~~O \\ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~||\\ CH_3 = C -CH_3\)
A halogen is more electronegative than carbon. Consequently, the two atoms do not share their bonding electrons equally, because a partial negative charge is formed on halogen and a partial positive charge on the carbon to which it is bonded. It is the polar-carbon halogen bond that causes alkyl halides to undergo substitution reactions.
There are two important mechanisms for the substitution reaction:
1. SN1: The carbon-halogen bond breaks heterolytically without any assistance from the nucleophile, forming a carbocation. The carbocation- an electrophile-then reacts with the nucleophile to form the substitution product
2. SN2: A nucleophile is attracted to the partially positively charged carbon (an electrophile).As the nucleophile approaches the carbon and forms a new bond, the carbon-halogen bond breaks heterolytically (the halogen takes both of the bonding electrons)
Based on the above, given the following reaction.
Compound 'A', in the above reaction, is
1.
2. \(CH_2 = CH -CH_2-OH\)
3. \(~~~~~~~~~~~~~OH \\ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~|\\ CH_2 = C -CH_3\)
4. \(~~~~~~~~~~~~~~O \\ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~||\\ CH_3 = C -CH_3\)
Subtopic: Â Mechanism of Reactions |
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