| 1. | Rate of diffusion by increasing surface area |
| 2. | Diffusion distance |
| 3. | Air turbulence |
| 4. | Dead space |
| 1. | Inflammation of the bronchi and bronchioles, causing difficulty in breathing |
| 2. | Damage to alveolar walls due to smoking |
| 3. | Accumulation of fluid in the pleural cavity |
| 4. | Swelling of the nasal cavity |
| 1. | Excess mucus production blocking bronchioles. |
| 2. | Inflammation of pleural membranes. |
| 3. | Constriction of trachea due to excess fluid accumulation. |
| 4. | Damage to alveolar walls, reducing surface area for gas exchange. |
| Statement A: | In Emphysema, the surface area of gaseous exchange is reduced |
| Statement B: | Due to excessive smoking, the walls of alveoli are damaged |
| 1. | Reduction in the secreation of surfactants by pneumocytes |
| 2. | Proliferation of fibrous tissue and damage of alveolar walls |
| 3. | Inflammation of bronchi and bronchioles |
| 4. | Benign growth on mucous lining of alveoli |