Two microbes found to be very useful in gene engineering are
1. Escherichia coli and Agrobacterium tumefaciens.
2. Vibrio cholerae and a tailed bacteriophage.
3. Diplococcus sp. And Pseudomonas sp.
4. Crown gall bacterium and Caenorphaditiselegans.
Plant cells are bombarded with high-velocity microparticles of X coated with Y in a method called Z. Choose the option that fills the blanks correctly.
| X | Y | Z | |
| 1. | Gold or tungsten | DNA | Biolistics |
| 2. | Platinum and gold | RNA | Biolistics |
| 3. | Gold or silver | RNA | Gene gun |
| 4. | Platinum or silver | RNA | Gene gun |
The introduction of tDNA into plants involves:
| 1. | infection of the plant by Agrobacterium tumefaciens |
| 2. | Altering the pH of the soil, then heat-shocking the plants |
| 3. | Exposing the plants to cold for a brief period |
| 4. | Allowing the plant roots to stand in water |
| 1. | Ca+2 | 2. | Na+ |
| 3. | K+ | 4. | Cl- |
| List-I | List-II | ||
| (a) | Gene gun | (i) | Replacement of a faulty gene by a normal healthy gene |
| (b) | Gene therapy | (ii) | Used for transfer of gene |
| (c) | Gene cloning | (iii) | Total DNA in the cells of an organism |
| (d) | Genome | (iv) | To obtain identical copies of a particular DNA molecule |
| (a) | (b) | (c) | (d) | |
| 1. | (ii) | (i) | (iv) | (iii) |
| 2. | (i) | (iii) | (ii) | (iv) |
| 3. | (iv) | (i) | (iii) | (ii) |
| 4. | (ii) | (iii) | (iv) | (i) |