The endosperm of a gymnosperm develops _______ fertilization, whereas the endosperm of an angiosperm develops _________ fertilization.

(1) before, before

(2) after, after

(3) after, before

(4) before, after

In Pinus,

I. The stem is branched

II. Roots have fungal association in the form of mycorrhiza

III. The male and female strobili are borne on different trees

Of the above statements:

(1) Only I is correct

(2) Only II is correct

(3) Only I and II are correct

(4) I, II and III are correct

Identify the incorrect statement:

1. The earliest systems of classification used only gross superficial morphological characters.

2. Linnaeus classification of plants was a natural classification as it was based on the androecium structure.

3. Artificial systems gave equal weightage to vegetative and sexual characteristics.

4. Natural classification systems are based on natural affinities among the organisms

Identify the incorrecty statement:

1. Numerical Taxonomy is based on all observable characteristics.

2. More weightage is given to reproductive characters and all other characters are given equal importance in numerical taxonomy.

3. Cytotaxonomy is based on cytological information like chromosome number, structure, behaviour

4. Chemotaxonomy uses the chemical constituents of the plant

Match each term with its definition and choose your answer from the codes given:

Codes:

Identify the incorrectly matched pair:

Identify the incorrect statement regarding algae:

1. At least a half of the total carbon dioxide fixation on earth is carried out by algae through photosynthesis.

2. Around 70 species of freshwater algae can be used as food.

3. Certain marine brown and red agae produce large amounts of hydrocolloids (water holding substances), e.g., algin (brown algae) and carrageen (red algae) which are used commercially.

4. Agar, obtained from Gelidium and Gracilaria are used to grow microbes and in preparations of ice-creams and jellies.

What is not true for red algae?

1. Lack centriole and flagella

2. Accessory pigments include phycocyanin, phycoeythrin and allophycocyanin

3. They reproduce using alternation of generation

4. The stored food is floridean starch very similar to cellulose

Identify the incorrect statement regarding green algae?

1. They contain chl a, chl b as well as carotenoids.

2. The chloroplasts may be discoid, plate-like, reticulate, cup-shaped, spiral or ribbon-shaped in different species.

3. Most members have one or more storage bodies called pyrenoids located outside the chloroplasts.

4. They usually have a rigid cell wall made of an inner layer of cellulose and an outer layer of pectose.

Consider the following statements regarding brown algae:

I. The pigments are chl a, c and xanthophylls, fucoxanthin

II. Storage food is laminarin and mannitol 

III. The cellulosic cell wall is covered with algin

IV. They have a centrally located vacuole

V. Their photosynthetic organs are called as fronds - leaf like structures

VI. They have pear shaped biflagellate zoospores

VII. They have two unequal laterally attached flagella.

The number of correct statements is

1. 5

2. 6

3. 7

4. 4