Passage cells are thin-walled cells found in:
1. endodermis of roots facilitating rapid transport of water from cortex to pericycle
2. phloem elements that serve as entry points for substances for transport to other plant parts
3. testa of seeds to enable emergence of growing embryonic axis during seed germination
4. central region of style through which the pollen tube grows towards the ovary
Unloading of mineral ions occurs at the fine vein endings through:
1. diffusion and, are passively taken up by the sink cells
2. active transport and, are passively taken up by the sink cells
3. diffusion and, are actively taken up by the sink cells
4. active transport and, are actively taken up by the sink cells
A nitrogen fixing microbe associated with Azolla in rice fields is
1. Spirulina
2. Anabaena
3. Frankia
4. Tolypothrix
In photosystem-I, the first electron acceptor is :
1. | ferredoxin | 2. | cytochrome |
3. | plastocyanin | 4. | an iron-sulphur protein |
The NADP reductase enzyme is located:
1. | within the thylakoid membrane |
2. | on the stroma side of the thylakoid membrane |
3. | on the lumen side of the thylakoid membrane |
4. | in the thylakoid lumen |
Aerobic respiratory pathway is appropriately termed
1. | catabolic | 2. | parabolic |
3. | amphibolic | 4. | anabolic |
Pyruvate is transported into the mitochondria by:
1. Simple diffusion
2. Facilitated diffusion
3. Active transport
4. Either 2 or 3, depending on the availability of oxygen
One of the synthetic auxin is
1. | NAA | 2. | IAA |
3. | GA | 4. | IBA |
Very small animals are rarely found in polar regions because:
1. | Being smaller in size makes them highly vulnerable to predation. |
2. | They have a larger surface area relative to their volume. |
3. | Small size makes long distance migration difficult. |
4. | Small sized animals lack insulating body layers. |
Which of the following is not a cause for the loss of biodiversity?
1. Destruction of habitat
2. Invasion by alien species
3. Keeping animals in zoological parks
4. Over-exploitation of natural resources
Autecology is the:
1. | Relation of heterogeneous populations to their environment |
2. | Relation of an individual to its environment |
3. | Relation of a community to its environment |
4. | Relation of a biome to its environment |
Which one of the following cell organelles is enclosed by a single membrane?
1. | Nuclei | 2. | Mitochondria |
3. | Chloroplasts | 4. | Lysosomes |
The stain used to visualise mitochondria is
1. Fast green
2. Safranin
3. Acetocarmine
4. Janus green
Cell wall is absent in :
1. Funaria
2. Mycoplasma
3. Nostoc
4. Aspergillus
The enzyme recombinase is required at which stage of meiosis ?
1. | Pachytene | 2. | Zygotene |
3. | Diplotene | 4. | Diakinesis |
Beginning from the root cap, the correct chronological sequence of the various region of a root tip is:
1. Region of meristematic activity → Region of elongation → Region of maturation
2. Region of maturation→ Region of elongation → Region of meristematic activity
3. Region of meristematic activity → Region of maturation → Region of elongation
4. Region of elongation → Region of maturation → Region of meristematic activity
Epipetalous androecium is not seen in:
1. | Petunia | 2. | Belladonna |
3. | Tobacco | 4. | Indigofera |
The apical meristems in the plants:
1. occur at the tips of both roots and shoots and produce primary tissues
2. occur at the tip of root and base of the stem and produce secondary tissues
3. occur at the base of root and tip of the stem and produce primary tissues
4. occur at the tips of both roots and shoots and produce secondary tissues
Males produce gametes by mitosis in:
1. | Honey bees | 2. | Grasshopper |
3. | Birds | 4. | Drosophila melanogaster |
Rusts and Smuts are the fungi that belong to:
1. Phycomycetes | 2. Ascomycetes |
3. Basidiomycetes | 4. Deuteromycetes |
The structure marked as “b” can be used for:
1. Photosynthesis 2. Attachment 3. Buoyancy 4. Reproduction |
Which of the following taxon will have the most number of organisms?
1. | Class | 2. | Phylum |
3. | Order | 4. | Family |
The phenomenon wherein, the ovary develops into a fruit without fertilisation is called:
1. | Parthenocarpy | 2. | Apomixis |
3. | Asexual reproduction | 4. | Sexual reproduction |
The chromosomes in which centromere is situated close to one end are :
1. Acrocentric
2. Telocentric
3. Sub-metacentric
4. Metacentric
Apomictic embryos in citrus arise from
1. Maternal sporophytic tissue in ovule
2. Antipodal cells
3. Diploid egg
4. Synergids
DNA fingerprinting is related to:
1. | Molecular analysis of profiles of DNA samples |
2. | Analysis of DNA samples using imprinting devices |
3. | Techniques used for molecular analysis of different specimens of DNA |
4. | Techniques used in the identification of fingerprints of different persons |
Which one of the following is the start codon?
1. UAG
2. AUG
3. UGA
4. UAA
Which of the following is not a feature of Down’s Syndrome?
1. | It is caused by a non-disjunction in an autosome. |
2. | The affected individual has a trisomy of chromosome 21. |
3. | The affected individual has a characteristic simian palmar crease. |
4. | The mental development of the affected individual is normal. |
Who suggested that the genetic code should be made of three nucleotides?
1. | Gamow | 2. | Severo Ochoa |
3. | Hargobind Khorana | 4. | Marshall Nirenberg |
The correct sequence of layers in the wall of an anther from outside to inside is:
1. | Tapetum – Middle Layers – Endothecium – Epidermis |
2. | Epidermis – Endothecium – Tapetum – Middle layers |
3. | Epidermis – Endothecium – Middle layers – Tapetum |
4. | Tapetum – Endothecium – Middle layers – Epidermis |
What is applicable to both Klinefelter’s syndrome and Turner’s syndrome?
I. | They result from the non-disjunction of sex chromosomes during gamete formation |
II. | They can be identified by a karyotype |
III. | They have 44 autosomes |
1. | I and II only | 2. | I and III only |
3. | II and III only | 4. | I, II, and III |
Consider the following two statements:
I: | During transcription, the template strand is read in a 3'-to-5' direction. |
II: | During transcription, an RNA is transcribed in the 5'-to-3' direction. |
The correct statements is/are:
1. | I only | 2. | II. Only |
3. | I and II | 4. | None |
A biological control being developed for use in the treatment of plant diseases is the fungus:
1. | Trichoderma | 2. | Pneumocystis |
3. | Claviceps | 4. | Epidermophyton |
Cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) are:
1. Two key classes of regulatory molecules that determine a cell's progress through the cell cycle
2. The products of the proto-oncogenes in a eukaryotic cell
3. Two very important promoters that are involved in oncogenes
4. Mediators of apoptosis
(a) | Lactobacillus | (i) | Cheese |
(b) | Saccharomyces cerevisiae | (ii) | Curd |
(c) | Aspergillus niger | (iii) | Citric Acid |
(d) | Acetobacter aceti | (iv) | Bread |
(v) | Acetic acid |
Select the correct option
(a) (b) (c) (d)
1. (ii) (i) (iii) (v)
2. (ii) (iv) (v) (iii)
3. (ii) (iv) (iii) (v)
4. (iii) (iv) (v) (i)
An ecosystem which can be easily damaged but can recover after some time if damaging effects stops will be having
1. High stability and low resilience.
2. Low stability and low resilience.
3. High stability and high resilience.
4. Low stability and high resilience.
Decomposers like fungi and bacteria are :
i. | Autotrophs |
ii. | Heterotrophs |
iii. | Saptrotrophs |
iv. | Chemo-autotrophs |
Choose the correct answer :
1. | i and ii | 2. | i and iv |
3. | ii and iii | 4. | i and iii |
Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) is:
1. | Propane | 2. | Methane |
3. | Ethane | 4. | Butane |
Stroma in the chloroplasts of higher plant contains
1. ChlorophyII
2. Light-independent reaction enzymes
3. Light-dependent reaction enzymes
4. Ribosomes
The cells in the quiescent stage [G0] phase of the cell cycle:
1. exit from the S phase
2. continue the events of cell cycle and complete the division
3. are metabolically active
4. cannot ever proliferate
The product of sexual reproduction generally generates:
1. Large biomass
2. Longer viability of seeds
3. Prolonged dormancy
4. New genetic combinations leading to variations
Genotype of hybrid is known by crossing
1. F2 progeny with female parent
2. F1 × F1
3. Crossing F1 with recessive parent
4. F2 with recessive parent.
Coconut water from a tender coconut is:
1. Free nuclear endosperm
2. Innermost layers of the seed coat
3. Degenerated nucellus
4. Immature embryo
Transcription and translation can be coupled in:
1. | Bacteria | 2. | Yeast |
3. | Plants | 4. | Animals |
Insertion or deletion of how many bases will not cause a frameshift mutation?
1. | 1 | 2. | 2 |
3. | 3 | 4. | Any number |
What step in the plant breeding experiments actually brings about the improvement of the crop?
1. Selection and testing of superior recombinants
2. Cross hybridisation among the selected parents
3. Evaluation and selection of parents
4. Testing, release and commercialisation of new cultivars
The production of gametes by the parents the formation of zygotes, the F1 and F2 plants can be understood using
1. Pie diagram
2. A pyramid diagram
3. Punnet square
4. Wenn diagram
Which of the following regions of the globe exhibits the highest species diversity?
1. Madagascar
2. Himalayas
3. Amazon forests
4. Western Ghats of India
Montreal Protocol was signed if 1987 for control of:
(1) Emission of ozone-depleting substances
(2) Release of Green House Gases
(3) Disposal of e-waste
(4) Transport of Genetically modified organisms from one country to another
The plant parts which consists of two generations one within the other:
(a) Pollen grains inside the anther
(b) Germinated pollen grain with two male gametes
(c) Seed inside the fruit
(d) Embryo sac inside the ovule
(1) (a), (b) and (c)
(2) (c) and (d)
(3) (a) and (d)
(4) (a) only
Name a peptide hormone which acts mainly on hepatocytes, adipocytes and enhances cellular glucose uptake and utilisation.
1. Insulin
2. Glucagon
3. Secretin
4. Gastrin
The haemoglobin of a human foetus
1. has a lower affinity for oxygen than that of the adult
2. has the same affinity for oxygen as that of an adult
3. has only 2 protein subunits instead of 4
4. has a higher affinity for oxygen than that of an adult
Consider the statements given below regarding contraception and answer as directed thereafter:
A. | Medical Termination of Pregnancy (MTP) during the first trimester is generally safe |
B. | Generally, chances of conception are nil until the mother breast-feeds the infants up to two years |
C. | Intrauterine devices like copper-T are effective contraceptives |
D. | Contraception pills may be taken up to one week after coitus to prevent conception |
1. | B, C | 2. | C, D |
3. | A, C | 4. | A, B |
Which one of the following statements is wrong?
1. Glycine is a sulphur containing amino acid.
2. Sucrose is a disaccharide.
3. Cellulose is a polysaccharide.
4. Uracil is a pyrimidine.
The active form of Entamaeba-histolytica feeds upon –
1. Mucosa and submucosa of colon only
2. Food in intestine
3. Blood only
4. Erythrocytes; mucosa and submucosa of colon
Notochord is derived from embryonic:
1. | Ectoderm | 2. | Mesoderm |
3. | Endoderm | 4. | Ectoderm and Mesoderm |
Which one of the following is oviparous?
1. Platypus | 2. Flying fox (Bat) |
3. Elephant | 4. Whale |
Frogs differ from humans in possessing
1. paired cerebral hemispheres
2. hepatic portal system
3. nucleated red blood cells
4. thyroid as well as parathyroid
A sheath of connective tissue that encloses several bundles of muscle fibers in a skeletal muscle is called as:
1. Epimysium
2. Perimysium
3. Endomysium
4. Aponeurosis
A normal cellular gene which when altered by mutation can contribute to cancer is called:
1. | Oncogene | 2. | V – Onc |
3. | Neoplastic gene | 4. | Proto-oncogene |
Why does Bt toxin not kill Bacillus thuringiensis?
1. | The bacillus keeps proteins in inclusions |
2. | The toxin exists in the bacillus as a pro-toxin |
3. | The bacillus protects its genetic material by methylation |
4. | The bacillus has a tough cell wall of peptidoglycan |
If any protein-encoding gene is expressed in a heterologous host, the protein formed is called:
1. | Recombinant protein | 2. | Native protein |
3. | Pro-protein | 4. | Exotic protein |
Epithelial cells of the intestine involved in food absorption have, on their surface,
1. Zymogen granules
2. Pinocytic vesicles
3. Phagocytic vesicles
4. Microvilli
Given below is an incomplete table about certain hormones, their source glands and one major effect of each on the body in humans. Identify the correct option for the three blanks A, B and C.
Glands |
Secretion |
Effect on body |
Ovary |
A |
Maintenance of secondary sexual characters |
Alpha cells of islets of Langerhans |
B |
Raises blood sugar level |
Anterior pituitary |
C |
Oversecretion leads to gigantism |
A |
B |
C |
|
1. |
Vasopressin |
Glucagon |
Calcitonin |
2. |
Oestrogen |
Glucagon |
Growth hormone |
3. |
Testosterone |
Insulin |
Vasopressin |
4. |
Oestrogen |
Insulin |
Calcitonin |
The most popularly known blood grouping is the ABO grouping. It is named ABO and not ABC, because O in it refers to having
1. No antigens A or B on RBCs.
2. Other antigens besides A and B on RBCs.
3. Overdominance of this type on the genes for A and B types.
4. One antibody only (either anti-A and anti-B) on the RBCs.
Why is cellulose so difficult for most animals to digest?
1. they don’t have the proper enzyme to break the bonds between subunits
2. cellulose is made up of chitin, which is indigestible
3. the bonds holding cellulose subunits together are extremely strong, stronger than in any other macromolecule
4. there are many hydrogen bonds holding the subunits together
Given below is a diagrammatic cross-section of a single loop of human cochlea.
Which one of the following options correctly represents the names of the three different parts?
1. A:Perilymph, B:Tectorial membrane, C:Endolymph
2. B:Tectorial membrane, C:Perilymph, D:Secretory cells
3. C:Endolymph, D:Sensory hair cells, A:Serum
4. D:Sensory hair cells, A:Endolymph, B:Tectorial membrane
Which one of the following is the correct description of a certain part of a normal human skeleton?
1. First vertebra is axis which articulates with the occipital condyles
2. The 9th and 10th pairs of ribs are called the floating ribs
3. Glenoid cavity is a depression with which the thigh bone articulates
4. Parietal bone and the temporal bone of the skull are joined by a fibrous joint
The maximum amount of electrolytes and water (70 - 80%) from the glomerular filtrate is reabsorbed in which part of the nephron?
1. Proximal convoluted tubule
2. Descending limb of loop of Henle
3. Ascending limb of loop of Henle
4. Distal convoluted tubule
Identify the incorrectly matched pair:
1. |
MSH |
Regulation of pigmentation of skin |
2. |
Oxytocin |
Parturition and milk ejection |
3. |
ADH |
Increases water loss through urine |
4. |
Thymosins |
Adaptive [acquired] immunity |
To move into the intestinal mucosa, fatty acids and glycerol are first incorporated into:
1. Phospholipids
2. Micelles
3. Chylomicrons
4. Chenodeoxycholic acid
The first menstruation begins at puberty and is called as:
1. | Menarche | 2. | Menopause |
3. | Thelarche | 4. | Pubarche |
Cleavage is:
1. | Dissolution of the zona pellucida |
2. | A specialized mitotic division in the late fetus |
3. | A specialized meiotic division in the late fetus |
4. | A specialized mitotic division in the zygote and early embryo |
Intentional or voluntary termination of pregnancy before full term is called:
1. | Contraception | 2. | Spontaneous abortion |
3. | Induced abortion | 4. | Feticide |
When the ciliary muscles in the human eye contract:
1. the lens becomes more convex, generally improving the focus for closer objects
2. the lens becomes more convex, generally improving the focus for farther objects
3. the lens becomes more flat, generally improving the focus for closer objects
4. the lens becomes more flat, generally improving the focus for farther objects
The auditory tube [also called as the Eustachian tube] functions in equalizing pressure between the middle ear and:
1. throat | 2. inner ear |
3. outer ear | 4. cochlea |
Match each item in Column I with one in Column II and select the correct answer from the codes given:
COLUMN I | COLUMN II | ||
A. | Mitral valve | a. | Allows blood flow from left atrium to left ventricle |
B. | Papillary muscles | b. | Does not allow back opening of AV valves during ventricular systole |
C. | AV node | c. | Ensure all chambers do not contract simultaneously |
D. | Fibrous band between atrial and ventricular muscle mass | d. | Ensures atria contract before ventricles |
Codes
A | B | C | D | |
1. | a | b | c | d |
2. | b | a | c | d |
3. | b | a | d | c |
4. | a | b | d | c |
The sum of expiratory reserve volume [ERV] and residual volume [RV] corresponds to:
1. Expiratory capacity | 2. Vital capacity |
3. Functional residual capacity | 4. Total lung capacity |
In majority of the nephrons, the loop of Henle:
1. is absent
2. extends only a little into the medulla
3. extends deep into the medulla
4. is associated with a highly developed vasa recta
Epithelium present in the mucosal lining of the urinary bladder is:
1. pseudostratified ciliated columnar
2. squamous
3. transitional epithelium
4. simple columnar epithelium
What protein is arranged along the length of actin filaments and is involved in regulation of skeletal muscle contraction?
1. | Troponin | 2. | Calmodulin |
3. | Tropomyosin | 4. | Light meromyosin |
No new follicles develop in the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle because :
1. Follicles do not remain in the ovary after
2. FSH levels are high in the luteal phase
3. LH levels are high in the luteal phase
4. Both FSH and LH levels are low in the luteal phase
An enzyme catalysing the removal of nucleotides from ends of DNA is:
1. | DNA ligase | 2. | Endonuclease |
3. | Exonuclease | 4. | Protease |
Identify the wrong statement with a reference to immunity.
(1) When ready-made antibodies are directly given, it is called “Passive immunity".
(2) Active immunity is quick and gives a full response.
(3) Foetus receives some antibodies from the mother, it is an example of passive immunity
(4) When exposed to antigen(living or dead) antibodies are produced in the host's body. It is called "Active immunity
Match the organism with its use in biotechnology.
(a) Bacillus thuringiensis (i) Cloning vector
(b) Thermus aquaticus (ii) Construction of first rDNA molecule
(c) Agrobacterium tumefaciens (iii) DNA polymerase
(d) Salmonella typhimurium (iv) Cry proteins
Select the correct option from the following:
(a) (b) (c) (d)
1. (iv) (iii) (i) (ii)
2. (iii) (ii) (iv) (i)
3. (iii) (iv) (i) (ii)
4. (ii) (iv) (iii) (i)
Compared to a bull, a bullock is docile because of:
1. higher levels of thyroxine
2. higher levels of cortisone
3. lower levels of blood testosterone
4. lower levels of adrenalin/noradrenalin in its blood
Which one of the following statements is not correct?
1. Retinal is the light absorbing portion of visual photo pigments
2. In retina, the rods have the photo pigment rhodopsin, while cones have three different photo pigments
3. Retinal is a derivative of vitamin-C
4. Rhodopsin is the purplish red protein present in rods only
Which one of the following statements about human sperm is correct?
1. Acrosome has a conical pointed structure used for piercing and penetrating the egg, resulting in fertilization
2. The sperm lysins in the acrosome dissolve the egg envelope facilitating fertilization
3. Acrosome serves as a sensory structure leading the sperm towards the ovum
4. Acrosome serves no particular function
In which one of the following pairs the two items mean one and the same thing?
1. Malleus - anvil
2. SA node - pacemaker
3. Leucocytes - lymphocytes
4. Haemophilia - blood cancer
A major advantage of using YAC as a cloning vector over the plasmids is that:
1. it can replicate independently
2. it can be selected easily
3. it can accommodate larger inserts
4. it has multiple cloning sites
If an non active-site directed inhibitor is present in the medium, the curve that will represent the progress of the chemical reaction will be shown by the letter:
1. D
2. C
3. B
4. A
Among the following edible fishes, which one is a marine fish having rich source of omega-3 fatty acids?
1. Mangur
2. Mrigala
3. Mackerel
4. Mystus
Which of the following is a living fossil?
1. Moss
2. Saccharomyces
3. Spirogyra
4. Cycas
A common cause of pneumonia in humans is:
1. | Streptococcus pyogenes | 2. | Hemophilusinfluenzae |
3. | Staphylococcus aureus | 4. | Rotavirus |
Persons with sickle cell trait are resistant to severe malaria. This shows:
1. heterozygote advantage
2. heterosis
3. punctuated equilibrium
4. reverse evolution
For differential success in reproduction, all the following must be present except:
1. | Gene flow between populations. |
2. | Variations must be genetically inherited. |
3. | Certain variations allow an individual to produce more offspring that survive in the next generation. |
4. | There must be variations in the phenotypes of individuals. |
Industrial melanism is an excellent example of ‘evolution in action’ where the selecting agent is:
1. | humans | 2. | toxins from smoke |
3. | birds | 4. | tree bark |
If the mammalian ovum fails to get fertilised, which one of the following is unlikely?
1. | Oestrogen secretion further decreases. |
2. | Progesterone secretion rapidly declines. |
3. | Corpus luteum will disintegrate. |
4. | Primary follicle starts developing. |
Which of the following can be called as a ‘cascade’ process?
1. Micturition reflex
2. Formation of cross bridges in skeletal muscle contraction
3. Coagulation of blood
4. Regulation of respiration
The bone in human body that does not articulate with any other bone would be:
1. hyoid
2. manubrium
3. patella
4. phalange