Two cells A and B are contiguous. Cell A has osmotic pressure 10 atm, turgor pressure 7 atm and diffusion pressure deficit 3 atm. Cell B has osmotic pressure 8 atm, turgor pressure 3 atm and diffusion pressure deficit 5 atm. The result will be
1. Movement of water from cell B to A
2. No movement of water
3. Equilibrium between the two
4. Movement of water from cell A to B
An analysis of xylem exudates will show that most of the nitrogen is carried as:
1. Inorganic ions
2. Ammonia dissolved in water
3. Dinitrogen
4. Organic compounds such as amino acids
Nitrifying bacteria
1. convert free nitrogen to nitrogen compounds
2. convert proteins into ammonia
3. reduce nitrates to free nitrogen
4. oxidize ammonia to nitrates
During photorespiration, the oxygen consuming reaction(s) occur in :
1. stroma of chloroplasts and mitochondria
2. stroma of chloroplasts and peroxisomes
3. grana of chloroplasts and peroxisomes
4. stroma of chloroplasts
The ATP synthase consists of two parts where:
1. is a transmembrane channel and protrudes out towards stroma
2. is a transmembrane channel and protrudes out towards stroma
3. is a transmembrane channel and protrudes out towards lumen of thylakoid
4. is a transmembrane channel and protrudes out towards lumen of thylakoid
The chemiosmotic coupling hypothesis of oxidative phosphorylation proposes that Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) is formed because
1. high energy bonds are formed in mitochondrial proteins
2. ADP is pumped out of the matrix into the intermembrane space
3. a proton gradient forms across the inner membrane
4. there is a change in the permeability of the inner mitochondrial membrane toward Adenosine Diphosphate (ADP)
The continued oxidation of acetyl CoA via the TCA cycle requires the continued replenishment of:
I. Oxaloacetic acid | II. NAD+ | III. FAD |
1. | I and II only | 2. | I and III only |
3. | II and III only | 4. | I, II and III |
Which one of the following acids is a derivative of carotenoids?
1. | Indole-butyric acid | 2. | Indole-3-acetic acid |
3. | Gibberellic acid | 4. | Abscisic acid |
Keoladeo National Park, host to migratory birds from Siberia, is in:
1. | Rajasthan | 2. | Uttar Pradesh |
3. | Madhya Pradesh | 4. | Gujarat |
Which of the following is not an invasive alien species in the Indian context?
1. | Lantana | 2. | Cynodon |
3. | Parthenium | 4. | Eichhornia |
Ecotone is:
1. A polluted area
2. The bottom of a lake
3. A zone of transition between two communities
4. A zone of developing community
A cell at telophase stage is observed by a student in a plant brought from the field. He tells his teacher that this cell is not like other cells at telophase stage. There is no formation of cell plate and thus the cell is containing more number of chromosomes as compared to other dividing cells. This would result in
1. | Polyteny | 2. | Aneuploidy |
3. | Polyploidy | 4. | Somaclonal variation |
Which one is wrong statement ?
1. Mucor has biflagellate zoospores
2. Haploid endosperm is typical feature of gymnosperms
3. Brown algae have chlorophyll a and c and fucoxanthin
4. Archegonia are found in Bryophyta, Pteridophyta and Gymnosperms
During which phase(s) of cell cycle, amount of DNA in a cell remains at 4C level if the initial amount is denoted as 2C ?
1. G0 and G1
2. G1 and S
3. Only G2
4. G2 and M
A sterile stamen is called as:
1. Staminate | 3. Staminode |
2. Pistillate | 4. Carpelode |
Identify the incorrectly matched pair regarding floral characters of family Solanaceae:
1. |
Flower symmetry |
Actinomorphic |
2. |
Aestivation |
Valvate |
3. |
Placenta |
Parietal |
4. |
Fruit |
Berry or Capsule |
In stems:
1. | the primary xylem is endarch with protoxylem towards the center and metaxylem towards the periphery |
2. | the primary xylem is endarch with metaxylem towards the center and protoxylem towards the periphery |
3. | the primary xylem is exarch with protoxylem towards the center and metaxylem towards the periphery |
4. | the primary xylem is exarch with metaxylem towards the center and protoxylem towards the periphery |
The paired homologues seen during zygotene of meiosis I are known as:
1. | Bivalent | 2. | Tetrad |
3. | Mitotic apparatus | 4. | Sister chromosomes |
Which of the following features is common to prokaryotes and many eukaryotes?
1. Chromosomes present
2. Cell wall present
3. Nuclear membrane present
4. Sub cellular organelles present
Which of the following is not a character of members of Kingdom Fungi?
1. Thalloid body
2. Lacking chlorophyll
3. Store starch as reserve carbohydrates
4. Heterotrophic mode of life
The economic importance of bryophytes include:
I. A moss provides peat used as a packing material
II. They are early colonizers of land in ecological succession
III. They can decompose rocks
IV. They can prevent soil erosion
1. | Only I, II and III | 2. | Only I, III and IV |
3. | Only II, III and IV | 4. | I, II, III and IV |
The book Systema Naturae was authored by:
1. | Linnaeus | 2. | Theophrastus |
3. | Aristotle | 4. | Bentham and Hooker |
Multiple alleles are present :
1. At different loci on the same chromosome
2. At the same locus of chromosome
3. On non-sister chromatids
4. On different chromosomes
Wind pollinated flowers are
1. Small, producing large number of dry pollen grains
2. large producing abundant nectar and pollen
3. Small, producing nectar and dry pollen
4. Small, brightly coloured, producing large number of pollen grains
A nutritionally wild-type organism that does not require additional biochemicals is:
1. | Prototroph | 2. | Auxotroph |
3. | Phenotype | 4. | Autotroph |
Taylor conducted experiments to prove the semiconservative mode of chromosome replication on:
1. | E. coli | 2. | Vinca rosea |
3. | Vicia faba | 4. | Drosophila melanogaster |
Pedigree analysis is used for genetic analysis in humans rather than conventional genetic methods because:
I. | Choice matings are not possible. |
II. | The number of progeny is limited. |
Of the two statements:
1. | Only I is correct | 2. | Only II is correct |
3. | Both I and II are correct | 4. | Both I and II are incorrect |
In eukaryotes RNA polymerase II transcribes:
1. | mRNA | 2. | rRNA |
3. | tRNA | 4. | hnRNA |
Cultivation of flowering and ornamental plants for gardens and for commerce and trade is called:
1. | Horticulture | 2. | Plant breeding |
3. | Floriculture | 4. | Micropropagation |
Identify the incorrect statement regarding Parthenium hysterophorus:
1. | Its pollens are a very common cause of severe respiratory allergies. |
2. | It was introduced in India accidentally as a contaminant in wheat. |
3. | It is a native of tropical America |
4. | It is non-invasive and limited to certain pockets in India only |
An exchange of segments between non-homologous chromosomes is called as:
1. Crossing over
2. Inversion
3. Reciprocal translocation
4. Transposing
Identify the correct statements from the given statements and choose the correct option:
I: | Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic mRNAs have a 5' cap. |
II: | Only prokaryotic mRNAs are polyadenylated at the 3' end. |
III: | In prokaryotes, transcription is coupled to translation. |
IV: | In eukaryotes, RNA splicing occurs after the mRNA is transported into the cytoplasm. |
V: | RNA splicing requires the formation of a spliceosome. |
VI: | Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic mRNAs are synthesized by RNA polymerase. |
1. | III, V, and VI only |
2. | II, III, V, and VI only |
3. | I, III, V, and VI only |
4. | I, III, IV, V, and VI only |
‘Toddy’, a traditional drink of some parts in southern India, is made by fermenting sap from:
1. | Soyabean | 2. | Bamboo shoots |
3. | Palms | 4. | Sugarcane |
Consider the following statements:
I. In animals, meiosis always results in the formation of gametes, while in other organisms it can give rise to spores.
II. Meiosis is essential for sexual reproduction and therefore occurs in all eukaryotes (including single-celled organisms) that reproduce sexually.
III. Meiosis does not occur in archaea or bacteria, which reproduce via asexual processes such as binary fission.
The correct statements are:
1. | I, II, and III | 2. | II and III |
3. | I and III | 4. | I and II |
Which of the following can be used as a biocontrol agent in the treatment of plant disease?
1. Lactobacillus
2. Trichoderma
3. Chlorella
4. Anabaena
Animals have the innate ability to escape from predation. Select the incorrect example.
1. Color change in chameleon.
2. Poison fangs in snakes.
3. Melanin in moths.
4. Enlargement of body size by swallowing air in puffer fish.
The process of mineralization by micro-organisms helps in the release of:
1. | Inorganic nutrients from humus |
2. | Both organic and inorganic nutrients from detritus |
3. | Organic nutrients from humus |
4. | Inorganic nutrients from detritus and formation of humus. |
The world’s most problematic aquatic weed is:
1. | Azolla | 2. | Wolffia |
3. | Eichhornia | 4. | Trapa |
Middle lamella is composed mainly of
1. | Phosphoglycerides | 2. | Hemicellulose |
3. | Muramic acid | 4. | Calcium pectate |
Mitosis is also called ‘equational division’ because:
1. | the number of chromosomes in both daughter cells are the same |
2. | the sum of the number of chromosomes in two daughter cells is equal to the number of chromosomes in the parent cell |
3. | each progeny cell receives only one set of chromosomes from the parent cell |
4. | the number of chromosomes in the parent and the progeny cells is the same |
The process of sexual reproduction which involves meiosis and syngamy is:
1. | Apomixis | 2. | Amphimixis |
3. | Agamospermy | 4. | Diplospory |
In pea, yellow seed colour is dominant over green colour. Heterozygous yellow seeded plant is crossed with green seeded plant. The ratio of yellow & green seeded offspring will be
1. 9 : 1
2. 1 : 3
3. 3 : 1
4.50 : 50
Flowers are unisexual in:
1. Cucumber
2. China rose
3. Onion
4. Pea
In some viruses, the flow of genetic information is from RNA to DNA. These viruses are:
1. | Reverse transcriptases | 2. | Reoviruses |
3. | Ribozymes | 4. | Retroviruses |
What defines a coding and a template strand in the transcription unit?
1. | Structural gene | 2. | Ori |
3. | Terminator | 4. | Promoter |
Identify the variety of sugarcane from which [with hybrids] about 70% of the sugar produced worldwide comes:
1. | Saccharumbarberi | 2. | Saccharumsinense |
3. | Saccharumofficinarum | 4. | Saccharumspontaneum |
In which genetic condition, each cell in the affected person, has three sex chromosomes XXY?
1. Thalassemia
2. Kleinfelter's Syndrome
3. Phenylketonuria
4. Turner's Syndrome
Which one of the following is not a method of in situ conservation of biodiversity
1. Sacred Grove
2. Biosphere Reserve
3. Wildlife Sanctuary
4. Botanical Garden
Snow-blindness in Antarctic regions is due to:
1. Inflammation of cornea due to high doses of UV-B radiation
2. High reflection of light from snow
3. Damage to the retina caused by infra-red rays
4. Freezing of fluids in the eye by low temperature
In water hyacinth and water lily, pollination takes place by:
1. Water currents only
2. Wind and water
3. Insects and water
4. Insects or wind
The posterior pituitary gland is not a ‘true’ endocrine gland because
1. it is provided with a duct
2. it only stores and releases hormones
3. it is under the regulation of hypothalamus
4. it secretes enzymes
People living at sea level have around 5 million RBC per cubic millimeter of their blood whereas those living at an altitude of 5400 metres have around 8 million. This is because at high altitude:
1. people get pollution-free air to breathe and more oxygen is available
2. atmospheric O2 level is less and hence more RBCs are needed to absorb the required amount of O2 to survive
3. there is more UV radiation which enhances RBC production
4. people eat more nutritive food, therefore more RBCs are formed
Contraceptive oral pills help in birth control by
1. killing the sperms in uterus
2. preventing implantation
3. preventing ovulation
4. both 2 and 3
Which of the following is the least likely to be involved in stabilizing the three-dimensional folding of most proteins?
1. | Ester bonds | 2. | Hydrogen bonds |
3. | Electrostatic interaction | 4. | Hydrophobic interaction |
The chitinous exoskeleton of arthropods is formed by the polymerisation of–
1. D- glucosamine
2. N- acetyl glucosamine
3. Lipoglycans
4. Keratin sulphate and chondroitin sulphate
Identify the phylum where the body cavity is not lined by mesoderm, instead, the mesoderm is present as scattered pouches between ectoderm and endoderm :
1. | Cnidaria | 2. | Platyhelminthes |
3. | Mollusca | 4. | Aschelminthes |
Which one of the following is not a poisonous snake?
1. Cobra | 2. Viper |
3. Python | 4. Krait |
Given below is the diagrammatic sketch of a certain type of connective tissue. Identify the parts labelled A, B, C and D, and select the right option about them.
Part A | Part B | Part C | Part D | |
1. | Macrophage | Fibroblast | Collagen fibres | Mast cell |
2. | Mast cell | Macrophage | Fibroblast | Collagen fibres |
3. | Macrophage | Collagen fibres | Fibroblast | Mast cell |
4. | Mast cell | Collagen fibres | Fibroblast | Macrophage |
Tendons and ligaments are examples of:
1. Loose connective tissue
2. Dense irregular connective tissue
3. Dense regular connective tissue
4. Specialized connective tissue
Opioids bind to specific receptors in CNS and:
1. | GIT | 2. | CVS |
3. | Liver | 4. | Lungs |
Cotton plants can be protected from corn borer by the proteins coded by:
1. | cryIAc | 2. | cryIIAb |
3. | cryIAb | 4. | cryIAd |
It is useful to use restriction enzymes in rDNA experiments that produce sticky ends in the resultant fragments because:
1. | it allows a cell to recognize fragments produced by the enzyme |
2. | the single-stranded ends serve as starting points for DNA replication |
3. | the fragments will bond to other fragments with complementary single-stranded ends |
4. | only single-stranded DNA segments can code for proteins |
Carrier ions like Na+ facilitate the absorption of substances like
1. Amino acids and glucose
2. Glucose and fatty acids
3. Fatty acids and glycerol
4. Fructose and some amino acids
The 24 h (diurnal) rhythm of our body such as the sleep wake cycle is regulated by the hormone
1. Melatonin
2. Calcitonin
3. Prolactin
4. Adrenaline
Globulins contained in human blood plasma are primarily involved in
1. Clotting of blood
2. Defense mechanisms of body
3. Osmotic balance of body fluids
4. Oxygen transport in the blood
Catalytic efficiency of two different enzymes is compared by their :
1. Product
2. Molecular size
3. Km value
4. pH optimum value
Which one of the following is the correct difference between rod cells and cone cells of our retina?
Rod cells |
Cone cells |
||
1. |
Distribution |
More concentrated in centre of retina |
Evenly distributed all over retina |
2. |
Visual activity |
High |
Low |
3. |
Visual pigment contained |
Lodopsin |
Rhodopsin |
4. |
Overall function |
Vision in poor light |
Color vision and detailed vision in bright light |
Which of the following pair (of structure matched with their description) is correct?
Structure |
Description |
|
1. |
Cartilage and cornea |
No blood supply but do require oxygen for respiratory need |
2. |
Shoulder joint and elbow joint |
Balls and socket type of joint |
3. |
Premolars and molars |
20 in all and 3-rooted |
4. |
Tibia and fibula |
Both form parts of the knee joint |
Which one of the following option gives the correct categorization of six animals according to the type of nitrogenous wastes (A, B, C), they give out ?
A |
B |
C |
|
Ammonotelic |
Ureotelic |
Uricotelic |
|
1. |
Aquatic Amphibia |
Frogs, Humans |
Pigeon, Lizards, Cockroach |
2. |
Aquatic Amphibia |
Cockroach, Humans |
Frog, Pigeon, Lizards |
3. |
Pigeon, Humans |
Aquatic Amphibia, Lizards |
Cockroach, Frog |
4. |
Frog, Lizards |
Aquatic Amphibia, Humans |
Cockroach, Pigeon |
Diabetes insipidus, characterized by water loss and dehydration, is caused by:
1. | Hyposecretion of ADH | 2. | Hypersecretion of ADH |
3. | Hyposecretion of insulin | 4. | Hypersecretion of insulin |
The absorbed substances into the body finally reach the tissues which utilise them for their activities. This process is called:
1. Catabolism
2. Anabolism
3. Assimilation
4. Ingestion
Ovaries are the primary sex organs in human females because they:
I: | Produce the female gamete. |
II: | Produce the hormone that regulates the development of secondary sexual characters. |
1. | Both I and II | 2. | Only I |
3. | Only II | 4. | None |
Morula is a solid ball of cells during early embryonic development and consists of:
1. | 4 – 8 cells | 2. | 8 – 16 cells |
3. | 24 – 30 cells | 4. | 60 – 72 cells |
Which of the following barrier contraceptives are not exclusive for use in females?
1. | Diaphragms | 2. | Cervical caps |
3. | Vaults | 4. | Condoms |
The afferent neuron receives signal from a sensory organ and transmits the impulse to the CNS via:
1. Dorsal root of the spinal nerve
2. Ventral root of the spinal nerve
3. Cranial nerve
4. Intermediolateral horn of spinal cord grey mater
The sensory organ of the otolith organ is called as:
1. Macula | 2. Ampulla |
3. Crista | 4. Cupula |
If the left ventricle fails to pump blood adequately to the body’s cells, it usually leads to:
1. heart block | 2. cardiac tamponade |
3. congestive heart failure | 4. cardiac arrest |
The major mode of transport of carbon dioxide in human body is:
1. | in combination with hemoglobin |
2. | in dissolved state in plasma |
3. | as carboxyhemoglobin |
4. | as bicarbonate |
Aderenal cortex releases aldosterone when activated by:
1. ADH
2. Low potassium concentration in ECF
3. Angiotensin II
4. Renin
The main physiological stimulus for vasopressin release is
1. Blood volume | 2. Plasma osmolality |
3. Blood pressure | 4. Stroke volume |
During relaxation of a skeletal muscle:
1. | Calcium ions that are bound to troponin C now bind to troponin A |
2. | Cross bridge formation between myosin head and actin takes place |
3. | The A band of the sarcomere lengthens |
4. | Calcium ions are pumped back to the sarcoplasmic cisternae |
Which of the following hormones is responsible for both the milk ejection reflex and the foetal ejection reflex?
1. Oestrogen | 2. Prolactin |
3. Oxytocin | 4. Relaxin |
Given below are four statements pertaining to separation of DNA fragments using Gel electrophoresis. Identify the incorrect statements.
(a) DNA is negatively charged molecule and so it is loaded on gel towards the Anode terminal.
(b) DNA fragments travel along the surface of the gel whose concentration does not affect movement of DNA.
(c) Smaller the size of DNA fragment, larger is the distance it travels through it.
(d) Pure DNA can be visualized directly by exposing to UV radiation.
1. (a), (c) and (d)
2. (a), (b) and (c)
3. (b), (c) and (d)
4. (a), (b) and (d)
Which of the following immune responses is responsible for rejection of kidney graft?
1. Cell mediated immune response
2. Auto-immune response
3. Humoral immune response
4. Inflammatory immune response
Match the following columns and select the correct option.
Column - I Column - II
a. Bt cotton (i) Gene therapy
b. Adenosine (ii) Cellular defence
deaminase
deficiency
c. RNAi (iii) Detection of HIV infection
d. PCR (iv) Bacillus thuringiensis
(a) (b) (c) (d)
1. (iii) (ii) (i) (iv)
2. (ii) (iii) (iv) (i)
3. (i) (ii) (iii) (iv)
4. (iv) (i) (ii) (iii)
Sertoli cells are regulated by the pituitary hormone known as:
1. FSH
2. GH
3. Prolactin
4. LH
Which part of the human ear plays no role in hearing as such but is otherwise very much required?
1. Eustachian tube
2. Organ of Corti
3. Vestibular apparatus
4. Ear ossicles
Which one of the following statements about morula in humans is correct?
1. | It has an almost equal quantity of cytoplasm as an uncleaved zygote but much more DNA |
2. | It has far less cytoplasm as well as less DNA than in an uncleaved zygote |
3. | It has a more or less equal quantity of cytoplasm and DNA as in an uncleaved zygote |
4. | It has more cytoplasm and more DNA than an uncleaved zygote |
The component of blood which prevents its coagulation in the blood vessels is
1. haemoglobin
2. plasma
3. thrombin
4. heparin.
Which of the following is normally not used as a method of introduction of
foreign DNA into an animal cell?
1. | Microinjection | 2. | Liposomes |
3. | Biolistics | 4. | Transfection |
Which of the following will fit in the description of a competitive enzyme inhibitor?
1. a highly reactive compound.
2. a metal ion such as Hg2+ or Pb2+.
3. structurally similar to the substrate.
4. water insoluble.
Interspecific hybridization is the mating of
1. more closely related individuals within same breed for 4-6 generations
2. animals within same breed without having common ancestors
3. two different related species
4. superior males and females of different breeds
Diversification in plant life appeared
1. Due to abrupt mutations.
2. Suddenly on earth
3. By seed dispersal
4. Due to long periods of evolutionary changes.
Rhinovirus does not affect:
1. | Lungs | 2. | Nose |
3. | Pharynx | 4. | Larynx |
The mammals evolved from:
1. Therapsids
2. Prosimians
3. Platyrrhinis
4. Sauropsids
Identify the correct statement:
1. | As the coacervates do not have lipid outer membranes and cannot reproduce, they alone could not have been the precursors of life. |
2. | The microspheres could not be induced to constrict but had a large amount of diversity. |
3. | The earliest life was probably not driven by solar energy as is seen today. |
4. | Protobionts cannot separate a combination of molecules from the surroundings or maintain an internal environment, but are able to reproduce. |
Members belonging to the same biological species are potentially able to:
1. compete with members of other species only
2. express all the same genes in all their cells
3. breed with members of other biological species
4. interbreed and produce fertile offspring
In human adult females, oxytocin:
1. causes strong uterine contractions during parturition.
2. is secreted by the anterior pituitary.
3. stimulates the growth of mammary glands.
4. stimulates the pituitary to secrete vasopressin.
The deoxygenated blood from the cardiac muscles is returned to the right atrium by:
1. coronary sinus | 2. pre-caval vein |
3. post-caval vein | 4. pulmonary veins |
The vertebral column originally develops as a series of ______ vertebrae, but this number is eventually reduced to _________ vertebrae.
1. | 33, 26 | 2. | 31, 24 |
3. | 30, 26 | 4. | 33, 21 |