Selected Qs - Morphology of Flowering Plants - NCERT Exemplar Converted to MCQs

1. Plants in marshlands obtain oxygen for root respiration through:
1. Pneumatophores
2. Prop roots
3. Buttress roots
4. Fibrous roots

2. Which of these modifications performs photosynthesis in the absence of leaves?

1.	Cladodes of Ruscus	2.	Phyllode of Acacia
3.	Phylloclade of Euphorbia	4.	All of these

3. The specialized roots found in Sunderbans that help in gaseous exchange are:

1.	Prop roots	2.	Pneumatophores
3.	Stilt roots	4.	Buttress roots

4. In aquatic plants like Pistia and Eichhornia, leaves and roots are found near:

1.	Water surface	2.	Bottom of water body
3.	Middle of water body	4.	Above water surface

5. Match the venation pattern with plant type:

1.	Reticulate in monocots, Parallel in dicots
2.	Parallel in monocots, Reticulate in dicots
3.	Both Parallel in monocots and dicots
4.	Both Reticulate in monocots and dicots

6. In an epigynous flower:

1.	Ovary is superior with other floral parts below
2.	Ovary is inferior with other floral parts above
3.	All floral parts are at same level
4.	Ovary position is variable

7.

The complete floral formula for Fabaceae family is: 1. ⊕ K₍₅₎C₅A₁₀G₁ 2. % K₍₅₎ C_1+2+(2) A₍₉₎₊₁ G₁ 3. ⊕ K₅C₅A₁₀G₁ 4. % K₅C₅A₍₉₎₊₁G₁

8. Which part is modified for food storage in potato and sweet potato respectively?

1.	Stem tuber, Root tuber
2.	Root tuber, Stem tuber
3.	Both stem tubers
4.	Both root tubers

9. The modified stem for food storage in turmeric is:
1. Rhizome
2. Corm
3. Bulb
4. Tuber

10. Which of these represents the correct matching of storage organ modification?

1.	Carrot - Stem, Radish - Root
2.	Colocasia - Root, Ginger - Stem
3.	onion- Root, Asparagus - Root
4.	Carrot - Root, Ginger - Stem

11. Which of the following is NOT an example of adventitious roots?
1. Grass roots
2. Banyan prop roots
3. Monstera aerial roots
4. Mustard taproot

12. In aquatic plants, roots primarily serve which function?

1.	Absorption of minerals from soil
2.	Mechanical support and anchoring
3.	Storage of food reserves
4.	Preventing the plant from floating away

13. A leaf showing reticulate venation and palmately compound arrangement is
1. Neem
2. Silk cotton
3. Rice
4. Wheat

14. The correct sequence of floral whorls from outside to inside is

1.	Calyx → Corolla → Gynoecium → Androecium
2.	Corolla → Calyx → Androecium → Gynoecium
3.	Calyx → Corolla → Androecium → Gynoecium
4.	Gynoecium → Androecium → Corolla → Calyx

15. The pitcher in Nepenthes is a modification of
1. Stem
2. Leaf blade
3. Petiole
4. Root

16. The edible part of coconut is
1. Mesocarp
2. Endocarp
3. Endosperm
4. Embryo

17. Tendrils in grapevine represent modified
1. Leaves
2. Stipules
3. Stem branches
4. Roots

18. Underground stem of ginger can be distinguished from roots by

1.	Presence of nodes and internodes
2.	Absence of chlorophyll
3.	Growing underground
4.	Presence of root hairs

19. The milk in tender coconut represents
1. Endosperm
2. Embryo fluid
3. Mesocarp juice
4. Liquid endocarp

20. In maize grain, the fruit wall is

1.	Free from the seed coat
2.	Fused with the seed coat
3.	Absent
4.	Inside the seed coat

21. Free central and axile placentation differ in
1. Number of locules
2. Position of ovules
3. Number of ovules
4. Size of placenta

22. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of gynoecium in Solanaceae family?
1. Bicarpellary
2. Syncarpous
3. Superior ovary
4. Apocarpous ovary

23. The vexillary aestivation is characteristic of which family?
1. Solanaceae
2. Liliaceae
3. Fabaceae
4. Asteraceae

24. Which type of placentation shows ovules attached to the central axis formed by fusion of septa?
1. Axile
2. Parietal
3. Free central
4. Marginal

25. Why is sunflower not considered a single flower?

1.	It lacks petals
2.	It's a collection of multiple florets
3.	It has no reproductive parts
4.	It's a modified leaf structure

26. In the family Liliaceae, the gynoecium is:

1.	Tricarpellary, syncarpous, superior ovary
2.	Bicarpellary, syncarpous, inferior ovary
3.	Monocarpellary, superior ovary
4.	Polycarpellary, apocarpous ovary

27. Which stem modification serves as protection against grazing animals?
1. Rhizome
2. Stolon
3. Thorn
4. Tuber

28. What distinguishes an offset from other stem modifications?

1.	Grows vertically upward
2.	Short lateral branch with rosette of leaves
3.	Underground storage structure
4.	Climbing adaptation

29. What type of aestivation shows petals overlapping each other but not in any specific direction?
1. Valvate
2. Twisted
3. Imbricate
4. Vexillary

30. The placenta is:

1.	The outer covering of the seed
2.	The tissue where ovules are attached
3.	The modified petal
4.	The region of pollen formation

31. Which family shows inferior ovary as a characteristic feature of gynoecium?
1. Fabaceae
2. Solanaceae
3. Liliaceae
4. None of these

32. Coir fiber is obtained from:

1.	Stem of coconut palm
2.	Leaves of coconut palm
3.	Mesocarp of coconut fruit
4.	Root of coconut palm

33. Which type of placentation is characteristic of Pea family?
1. Axile
2. Marginal
3. Parietal
4. Free central

34. Which body part is modified for food storage in carrot?
1. Stem
2. Root
3. Leaf
4. Flower

35. In sweet potato, the food storage organ is:
1. Modified root
2. Modified stem
3. Modified leaf
4. Modified flower

36. Potato stores food in its:
1. Root
2. Underground stem (tuber)
3. Leaf
4. Fruit

37. Ginger stores food in its:
1. Root
2. Rhizome (underground stem)
3. Bulb
4. Tuber

38. What is the primary function of roots in aquatic plants compared to terrestrial plants?

1.	Only anchorage, no absorption
2.	Anchorage and balancing, absorption is reduced
3.	Only absorption of minerals
4.	Same as terrestrial plants

39. What is an exception to the general rule of venation patterns in monocots and dicots?

1.	Banana (monocot) shows reticulate venation
2.	Calophyllum (dicot) shows parallel venation
3.	All monocots show parallel venation
4.	All dicots show reticulate venation

40. In Nepenthes (pitcher plant), which part of the plant is modified into a pitcher?
1. Stem
2. Root
3. Leaf
4. Flower

41. How does the pitcher modification help Nepenthes even though it can photosynthesize?

1.	It provides extra support
2.	It helps in obtaining nitrogen from trapped insects in nutrient-poor soils
3.	It stores water
4.	It attracts pollinators

42. Identify the type of tendril in cucumber:
1. Stem tendril
2. Leaf tendril
3. Root tendril
4. Floral tendril

43. Identify the type of tendril in peas:
1. Stem tendril
2. Leaf tendril
3. Root tendril
4. Floral tendril

44. What is the difference between bract and bracteole?

1.	Bract is larger, bracteole is smaller and closer to flower
2.	Bract is green, bracteole is colored
3.	Bract is leaf-like, bracteole is scale-like
4.	Both a and c are correct

45. What is the difference between pedicel and peduncle?

1.	Pedicel is stalk of individual flower, peduncle is main stalk of inflorescence
2.	Pedicel is main stalk, peduncle is individual flower stalk
3.	Both are same structures
4.	Pedicel is found in fruits, peduncle in flowers

46. How does spike differ from spadix?

1.	Spike has branched axis, spadix is unbranched
2.	Spike has small flowers on elongated axis, spadix has thick fleshy axis with small flowers
3.	Spike is found in monocots, spadix in dicots
4.	No difference between them

47. What is the difference between stamen and staminode?

1.	Stamen is fertile, staminode is sterile (non-functional stamen)
2.	Stamen is in male flowers, staminode in female flowers
3.	Stamen produces pollen, staminode produces nectar
4.	Both are functional structures

48. Which family does Fabaceae belong to based on its gynoecium characteristics?

1.	Family with superior ovary, monocarpellary
2.	Family with superior ovary, tricarpellary syncarpous
3.	Family with superior ovary, monocarpellary, marginal placentation
4.	Family with inferior ovary, pentacarpellary

49. The gynoecium of Solanaceae family is characterized by:

1.	Monocarpellary, superior ovary
2.	Bicarpellary, syncarpous, superior ovary with axile placentation
3.	Tricarpellary, apocarpous, inferior ovary
4.	Pentacarpellary, syncarpous, inferior ovary

50. Liliaceae family shows which type of gynoecium?

1.	Monocarpellary, superior
2.	Bicarpellary, syncarpous, superior
3.	Tricarpellary, syncarpous, superior with axile placentation
4.	Pentacarpellary, apocarpous

51. Which stem modification is associated with food storage?
1. Tendrils and thorns
2. Tubers, bulbs, corms and rhizomes
3. Runners and suckers
4. Phylloclade and cladode

52. Which stem modification helps in climbing?
1. Tubers
2. Thorns
3. Tendrils
4. Bulbs

53. What distinguishes rhizome from stolon?

1.	Rhizome grows underground horizontally, stolon grows above ground
2.	Rhizome is vertical, stolon is horizontal
3.	Rhizome stores food, stolon does not
4.	Rhizome has scale leaves, stolon has normal leaves

54. Which statement about offset is correct?

1.	It is a short horizontal branch that grows above ground
2.	It is a short lateral branch with shortened internodes
3.	It grows only underground
4.	It does not produce new plants

55. In valvate aestivation:

1.	Petals overlap each other
2.	Petals just touch each other without overlapping
3.	One petal is completely covered by others
4.	Petals are twisted

56. Imbricate aestivation shows:

1.	No overlapping of petals
2.	Irregular overlapping of petals
3.	All petals covered by one large petal
4.	Spiral arrangement

57. What does the term 'placenta' refer to in plant morphology?
1. The ovary wall
2. The structure bearing ovules in the ovary
3. The seed coat
4. The fruit wall

58. In marginal placentation:

1.	Ovules are attached to the central axis
2.	Ovules are attached along the ventral suture of monocarpellary ovary
3.	Ovules are attached to the ovary wall
4.	Ovules are attached to free central column

59. Axile placentation is found in:

1.	Monocarpellary ovary
2.	Multicarpellary syncarpous ovary with septa
3.	Multicarpellary apocarpellary ovary
4.	Unilocular ovary only

60. Free central placentation is characterized by:

1.	Ovules attached to ovary wall
2.	Ovules attached to central column in unilocular ovary
3.	Ovules attached along margins
4.	Ovules scattered in ovary

61. Why is sunflower not considered a single flower?

1.	It has multiple petals
2.	It is a capitulum (head) inflorescence with many small flowers
3.	It has multiple stamens
4.	It has compound leaves

62. In epigeal germination:

1.	Cotyledons remain underground
2.	Cotyledons are brought above soil surface
3.	Only radicle emerges
4.	Plumule remains dormant

63. What is the role of cotyledons in germination?

1.	They only protect the embryo
2.	They provide initial nutrition to the developing seedling
3.	They form the root system
4.	They become the stem

64. Seed dormancy can be caused by:

1.	Hard seed coat preventing water absorption
2.	Immature embryo
3.	Presence of germination inhibitors
4.	All of the above

65. Methods to break seed dormancy include:
1. Scarification and stratification
2. Soaking in water
3. Treatment with growth hormones
4. All of the above

66. The biological significance of seed dormancy is:

1.	It prevents immediate germination in unfavorable conditions
2.	It ensures dispersal over time and space
3.	It helps survival during adverse seasons
4.	All of the above

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