Custom Practice Test

Biology-I-Section-A

1. Match each item in Column-I with one in Column-II and select the correct match from the codes given:

	Column-I		Column-II
A.	Mitochondria	P.	Photophosphorylation
B.	Chloroplast	Q.	Oxidative phosphorylation
C.	Tonoplast	R.	Vacuole
D.	Elaioplast	S.	Stores lipids

Codes:

	A	B	C	D
1.	P	Q	R	S
2.	P	Q	S	R
3.	Q	P	S	R
4.	Q	P	R	S

2.

What is true about ribosomes?

1.	The prokaryotic ribosomes are 80S, where S stands for sedimentation coefficient
2.	These are composed of ribonucleic acid and proteins
3.	These are found only in eukaryotic cells
4.	These are self-splicing introns of some RNAs

3.

Consider the two statements:

Assertion (A):	The cells of testes and ovaries have abundance of Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum.
Reason (R):	The cells of testes and ovaries secrete steroid hormones.

1.	Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) correctly explains (A).
2.	(A) is True but (R) is False.
3.	Both (A) and (R) are True but (R) does not explain (A).
4.	(A) is False but (R) is True.

4.

Match the following and select the correct answer:

	Column I		Column II
(a)	Centriole	(i)	Infoldings in mitochondria
(b)	Chlorophyll	(ii)	Thylakoids
(c)	Cristae	(iii)	Nucleic acids
(d)	Ribozymes	(iv)	Basal body of cilia or flagella

1. A-iv, B-ii, C-i, D-iii
2. A-i, B-ii, C-iv, D-iii
3. A-i, B-iii, C-ii, D-iv
4. A-iv, B-iii, C-i, D-ii

5. Unless specifically stained, which of the following is not easily visible under the light microscope in a typical eukaryotic cell?
1. Chloroplast
2. Mitochondria
3. Nucleus
4. Endoplasmic reticulum

6.

The organelles in a eukaryotic cell that have their own genome are:

1.	RER and SER
2.	Mitochondria and chloroplasts
3.	Plasmids and plastids
4.	Nucleus and ribosomes

7.

The difference in gram ⊕ and gram $Θ$ bacteria is due to:

1.	Cell wall	2.	Cell membrane
3.	Ribosome	4.	Cytoplasm

8.

The chromosomes in which the centromere is situated close to one end are:

1. metacentric
2. acrocentric
3. telocentric
4. sub-metacentric

9. What organelles present in animal cells are absent in almost all plant cells?
1. Plastids
2. A large central vacuole
3. Ribosomes
4. Centrioles

10.

The main arena of various types of activities of a cell is:

1.	Plasma membrane	2.	Mitochondria
3.	Cytoplasm	4.	Nucleus

11.

Which of the following is not membrane-bound?
1. Vacuoles
2. Ribosomes
3. Lysosome
4. Mesosomes

12. Lysosomes are:

I:	vesicular structures not bound by a membrane and formed by the process of packaging in the Golgi apparatus.
II:	very rich in almost all types of hydrolytic enzymes optimally active at an alkaline pH.

1. Only I is correct
2. Only II is correct
3. Both I and II are correct
4. Both I and II are incorrect

13. Animal cells contain a non-membrane bound organelle which helps in cell division. This organelle is called:

1.	Golgi apparatus	2.	Mesosome
3.	Centrosome	4.	Centromere

14. Regarding the genetic material in prokaryotes:

I:	The main chromosomal DNA is linear
II:	Plasmid DNA is circular

1. Only I is correct
2. Only II is correct
3. Both I and II are correct
4. Both I and II are incorrect

15.

Chromatophores take part in?

1.	Photosynthesis	2.	Growth
3.	Movement	4.	Respiration

16. Identify the incorrectly matched pair:

I	Chloroplasts	contain chlorophyll and carotenoid pigments
II	Amyloplasts	store carbohydrates
III	Elaioplasts	store oils and fats
IV	Aleuroplasts	store proteins

1. Only I
2. Only II, III and IV
3. None, all are correctly matched
4. Only III and IV

17.

Bacterial plasmids are:
1. Circular dsRNA
2. Circular dsDNA
3. Linear dsDNA
4. Linear dsRNA

18. Unlike animal cells. plants cells have:
1. an endoplasmic reticulum
2. a central vacuole
3. Golgi complexes
4. centrosome

19. Consider the given two statements:

Statement I:	The content of nucleolus is continuous with the rest of the nucleoplasm as it is not a membrane bound structure.
Statement II:	The outer nuclear membrane usually remains continuous with the endoplasmic reticulum but does not bear ribosomes on it.

1. Statement I is correct; Statement II is correct
2. Statement I is incorrect; Statement II is incorrect
3. Statement I is incorrect; Statement II is correct
4. Statement I is correct; Statement II is incorrect

20. Which number represents the site for carbon fixation in the given figure?

1.	2	2.	4
3.	5	4.	3

21.

New cells generate from

1.	bacterial fermentation
2.	regeneration of old cells
3.	pre-existing cells
4.	abiotic materials

22.

The arrangement of axonemal microtubules in cilia and flagellum is referred to as 9 + 2 array which essentially means that the axoneme has:

1.	nine doublets of radially arranged peripheral microtubules and two doublets of centrally located microtubules enclosed by a central sheath.
2.	nine triplets of radially arranged peripheral microtubules and a pair of centrally located microtubules enclosed by a central sheath.
3.	nine triplets of radially arranged peripheral microtubules and a centrally located protein hub not enclosed by a central sheath.
4.	nine doublets of radially arranged peripheral microtubules and a pair of centrally located microtubules enclosed by a central sheath.

23. Identify the correct statements regarding mitochondria:

a.	Mitochondria are easily visible under the microscope without any staining.
b.	The number of mitochondria per cell is always fixed irrespective of the physiological activity of the cells.
c.	Mitochondria are the sites of aerobic respiration.
d.	Mitochondria divide by fission.

1. a and b
2. c and d
3. a and c
4. b and d

24. Nucleus as a cell organelle was first described by:
1. Robert Brown
2. Robert Hooke
3. Rudolph Virchow
4. Flemming

25. The number of correct statements regarding the structure of a typical animal cell membrane is:

I:	It is mainly composed of lipids and proteins.
II:	The major lipids are phospholipids, that are arranged in a bilayer.
III:	The lipids are arranged within the membrane with the hydrophobic head towards the outer sides and the polar tails towards the inner part.
IV:	In addition to phospholipids, membrane also contains cholesterol.
V:	Peripheral proteins lie on the surface of membrane while the integral proteins are partially or totally buried in the membrane

1. 2
2. 3
3. 4
4. 5

26. An elaborate network of filamentous proteinaceous structures consisting of microtubules, microfilaments and intermediate filaments present in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells is collectively referred to as the:

1.	cytoskeleton	2.	MTOC
3.	Contractile elements	4.	vimentin

27. What will not be true regarding the centrioles present in a centrosome?

1.	Two centrioles are contained in a centrosome.
2.	The centrioles are surrounded by amorphous pericentriolar materials.
3.	Both centrioles in a centrosome lie parallel to each other.
4.	Both centrioles in a centrosome have an organisation like the cartwheel

28.

Identify the correctly matched pairs:

I:	Anton Von Leeuwenhoek	first saw and described a live cell
II:	Robert Brown	discovered the nucleus
III:	Matthias Schleiden	was a German zoologist
IV:	Theodor Schwann	was a British botanist

1. Only I and II
2. Only I and III
3. I, II, III and IV
4. Only III and IV

29. Identify the correct statement regarding the given figure?

I:	‘A’ links a pair of sister chromatids together during cell division.
II:	‘B’ is a disc-shaped protein structure associated with duplicated chromatids in eukaryotic cells where the spindle fibers attach during cell division to pull sister chromatids apart.

1. Only I
2. Only II
3. Both I and II
4. Neither I nor II

30.

Which of the following is correct?

1.	Cells of all living organisms have a nucleus.
2.	Both animal and plant cells have a well defined cell wall.
3.	In prokaryotes, there are no membrane bound organelles.
4.	Cells are formed, de novo, from abiotic materials.

31. The vacuole is bound by tonoplast which is:

1.	a single membrane.
2.	a double layered membrane with pore complexes.
3.	a protein rich S layer.
4.	freely permeable to all ions.

32. Which one of the following cell organelles is enclosed by a single membrane?

1.	Chloroplasts	2.	Lysosomes
3.	Nuclei	4.	Mitochondria

33.

The organelles that are included in the endomembrane system are:

1.	Golgi complex, Mitochondria, Ribosomes, and Lysosomes
2.	Golgi complex, Endoplasmic reticulum, Mitochondria, and Lysosomes
3.	The endoplasmic reticulum, Mitochondria, Ribosomes, and Lysosomes
4.	The endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi complex, Lysosomes, and Vacuoles

34. Given below are two statements:

Statement I:	Mycoplasma can pass through less than 1 micron filter size.
Statement II:	Mycoplasma are bacteria with cell walls.

In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:
1. Statement I is incorrect but Statement II is correct.
2. Both Statement I and Statement II are correct.
3. Both Statement I and Statement II are incorrect.
4. Statement I is correct but Statement II is incorrect.

35.

Match Column-I with Column-II.

	Column-I		Column-II
(a)	Golgi apparatus	(i)	Synthesis of protein
(b)	Lysosomes	(ii)	Trap waste and excretory products
(c)	Vacuoles	(iii)	Formation of glycoproteins and glycolipids
(d)	Ribosomes	(iv)	Digesting biomolecules

Choose the right match from the options given below:

Options:	(a)	(b)	(c)	(d)
1.	(iii)	(iv)	(ii)	(i)
2.	(iv)	(iii)	(i)	(ii)
3.	(iii)	(ii)	(iv)	(i)
4.	(i)	(ii)	(iv)	(iii)

Biology-I-Section-B

36. “Semi-autonomous organelles” in a eukaryotic cell include:

1.	Golgi apparatus and ER
2.	Nucleus and ER
3.	Nucleus and Mitochondria
4.	Mitochondria and Chloroplasts

37. How many of the given statements are true?

I:	All cells arise from pre-existing cells.
II:	Prokaryotic cells do not have any organelles.
III:	Eukaryotic cells have only membrane bound organelle.
IV:	Centrosome helps in cell division in plants and animals.

1. 1
2. 2
3. 3
4. 4

38. Microtubules, microfilaments and intermediate filaments:

1.	are ribonucleoproteins.
2.	are part of cytoskeleton in both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells.
3.	are involved in many functions such as mechanical support, motility, maintenance of the shape of the eukaryotic cell.
4.	are always deposited on cell surface and are never found in the cytoplasm.

39. Often described as infoldings of bacterial cell membrane, which of the following structures help in cell wall formation and DNA replication?
1. Inclusion bodies
2. Chromatophores
3. Fimbriae
4. Mesosomes

40.

Consider the following statements:

I:	In animal cells, lipid like steroidal hormones are synthesized in SER.
II:	Golgi apparatus is the important site for formation of glycoproteins & glycolipids.
III:	Lysosomes carry alkaline hydrolases.

Which of the above statements are true?
1. I and II only
2. I and III only
3. II and III only
4. I, II and III

41.

Which of the following is true for nucleolus?

1.	Larger nucleoli are present in dividing cells.
2.	It is a membrane-bound structure.
3.	It takes part in spindle formation.
4.	It is a site for active ribosomal RNA synthesis.

42. Which organelle in a eukaryotic cell contains acid hydrolases?
1. Golgi apparatus
2. Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
3. Lysosomes
4. Peroxisomes

43. The middle lamella is a layer of the cell wall complex in plant cells and is composed mainly of:

1.	Sodium alginate	2.	Magnesium silicate
3.	calcium pectate	4.	Aluminium hydroxide

44. Consider the two statements:

Statement I:	Besides flagella, Pili and Fimbriae are also surface structures of the bacteria but do not play a role in motility.
Statement II:	Pili and fimbriae help attach the bacteria to rocks in streams and also to the host tissues.

1.	Statement I is correct; Statement II is correct
2.	Statement I is correct; Statement II is incorrect
3.	Statement I is incorrect; Statement II is correct
4.	Statement I is incorrect; Statement II is incorrect

45. That cells divide and new cells are formed from pre-existing cells (Omnis cellula-e cellula) was first explained by:

1.	Louis Pasteur	2.	Robert Koch
3.	Rudolph Virchow	4.	Francesco Redi

46. Consider the given two statements:

Assertion(A):	The mitochondria, chloroplast and peroxisomes are not considered as part of the endomembrane system.
Reason (R):	The mitochondria, chloroplast and peroxisomes are single membrane bound organelles.

1.	Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) correctly explains (A).
2.	Both (A) and (R) are True but (R) does not correctly explain (A).
3.	(A) is True; (R) is False
4.	Both (A) and (R) are False

47.

The size of Pleuro Pneumonia Like Organism (PPLO) is:
1. 0.02 $μ$ m
2. 1-2 $μ$ m
3. 10-20 $μ$ m
4. 0.1 $μ$ m

48. Unicellular organisms are capable of

I:	independent existence
II:	division
III:	performing the essential functions of life

1. Only I and II are correct
2. Only I and III are correct
3. Only II and III are correct
4. I, II and III are correct

49. Cells in the human body that secrete products like lipids and steroids are likely to have an abundance of:

1.	Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
2.	Rough endoplasmic reticulum
3.	Lysosomes
4.	Mitochondria

50.

Microbodies in eukaryotic cells include all the following except:

1.	Peroxisomes	2.	Glycosomes
3.	Lysosomes	4.	Glyoxysomes

Biology-II-Section-A

51. The famous Watson-Crick model is an example of:

1.	one of the primary structures exhibited by DNA.
2.	one of the secondary structures exhibited by DNA.
3.	one of the tertiary structures exhibited by DNA.
4.	one of the quaternary structures exhibited by DNA.

52. The skeletal formula (showing numbering convention for substituent groups) of a simple aromatic ring shown below will be a part of the structure of all the following except:

1.	Thymine	2.	Cytosine
3.	Uracil	4.	Adenine

53. Consider the given two statements:

Assertion:	The starch-I₂is blue in colour.
Reason:	Starch forms helical secondary structures and can hold I₂ molecules in the helical portion.

1.	(A) is True but (R) is False.
2.	Both (A) and (R) are True but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
3.	(A) is False but (R) is True.
4.	Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

54. Consider the two statements:

I:	In a polypeptide or a protein, amino acids are linked by a peptide bond.
II:	In a polysaccharide, the individual monosaccharides are linked by a glycosidic bond.

1. Only I is correct
2. Only II is correct
3. Both I and II are correct
4. Both I and II are incorrect

55.

A competitive inhibitor of succinic dehydrogenase is:

1.	malonate	2.	oxaloacetate
3.	α-ketoglutarate	4.	malate

56. If the % weight of elements in Earth’s crust and human body are compared, all the following will have a higher % composition in human body except:
1. Carbon
2. Oxygen
3. Nitrogen
4. Calcium

57.

The zwitterion is shown by:

1.	Only A	2.	Only B
3.	Both A and C	4.	A, B and C

58. Metal ions required by some enzymes as co-factors:

I:	form covalent bonds with side chains at the active site of the enzyme
II:	form one or more covalent bonds with the substrate.

1. Only I is correct
2. Only II is correct
3. Both I and II are correct
4. Both I and II are incorrect

59.

Given below is the diagrammatic representation of one of the categories of small molecular weight organic compounds in the living tissues. Identify the category shown and the one blank component X in it:

1.	Category: Cholesterol; Component: Guanine
2.	Category: Amino acid; Component: NH₂
3.	Category: Nucleotide; Component: Adenine
4.	Category: Nucleoside; Component: Uracil

60. In a nucleic acid a phosphate moiety links the:

1.	3’-carbon of one sugar of one nucleotide to the 5’-carbon of the sugar of the succeeding nucleotide.
2.	5’-carbon of one sugar of one nucleotide to the 1’-carbon of the sugar of the succeeding nucleotide.
3.	3’-carbon of one sugar of one nucleotide to the 2’-carbon of the sugar of the succeeding nucleotide.
4.	2’-carbon of one sugar of one nucleotide to the 5’-carbon of the sugar of the succeeding nucleotide.

61. Which of the secondary metabolites is an important anti-cancer drug?

1.	Ricin	2.	Abrin
3.	Vincristine	4.	Atropine

62. For an enzyme catalysed metabolic reaction:

I:	the formation of an ‘ES’ complex is not obligatory.
II:	ES’ complex formation is a transient phenomenon.

1.	Only I is correct
2.	Only II is correct
3.	Both I and II are correct
4.	Both I and II are incorrect

63.

Which one of the following biomolecules is correctly characterised?

1.	Palmitic acid - an unsaturated fatty acid with 18 carbon atoms
2.	Adenylic acid - adenosine with a glucose phosphate molecule
3.	Alanine amino acid - Contains an amino group and an acidic group anywhere in the molecule
4.	Lecithin - a phosphorylated glyceride found in the cell membrane

64. Identify the incorrect statement:

1.	Cytosine is common for both DNA and RNA.
2.	Uracil is present in RNA at the place of Thymine.
3.	A nitrogenous base is linked to the OH of 1'C pentose sugar through a N-glycosidic linkage to form a nucleoside.
4.	When a phosphate group is linked to OH of 2'C of a nucleoside through phosphoester linkage, a corresponding nucleotide is formed.

65.

The inhibition of succinic dehydrogenase by malonate is an example of:

1.	Non-competitive reversible inhibition
2.	Non-competitive irreversible inhibition
3.	Competitive inhibition
4.	Allosteric inhibition

66. If A and C make 30% and 20% of DNA, respectively, what will be the percentage composition of T and G ?
1. T : 20%, G : 30%
2. T : 30%, G : 20%
3. T : 30%, G : 30%
4. T : 20%, G : 20%

67. Consider the two statements:

Assertion (A):	Iodine-KI reagent can be used to detect starch in a sample.
Reason (R):	Starch can hold iodine molecules in its helical portion and starch-iodine is blue in colour.

1.	Both (A) and (R) are True but (R) does not correctly explain(A).
2.	(A) is True but (R) is False.
3.	Both (A) and (R) are False.
4.	Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) correctly explains (A).

68.

Identify the substances having a glycosidic bond and peptide bond, respectively in their structure:
1. Glycerol, trypsin
2. Cellulose, lecithin
3. Inulin, insulin
4. Chitin, cholesterol

69. Identify the incorrect statement:

1.	Each protein is a polymer of amino acids.
2.	A protein is a heteropolymer and not a homopolymer.
3.	Essential amino acids can be synthesized in our body.
4.	Collagen is the most abundant protein in animal world.

70. Identify the incorrect statement:

1.	Zinc is a cofactor for carboxypeptidase
2.	NADP contains the vitamin cyanocobalamin
3.	Malonate is a competitive inhibitor of Succinic dehydrogenase
4.	Haem is the prosthetic group in peroxidase

71. Regarding various levels of protein structure, which of the following is not true?

1.	The positional information of amino acids in a protein is called the primary structure.
2.	Alpha helix is a secondary structure and beta pleated sheet is a tertiary structure of a protein.
3.	Tertiary structure is absolutely necessary for the many biological activities of proteins.
4.	Quaternary structures are seen in proteins made of more than one polypeptide chain.

72. Identify the given molecule:

1. Cholesterol
2. Phospholipid
3. Triglyceride
4. Fatty acid

73. Consider the given two statements:

Statement I:	Iodine test can detect the presence of starch but not of cellulose in a given sample.
Statement II:	Starch forms helical secondary structure and can hold iodine molecules while cellulose does not contain complex helices and hence cannot hold iodine.

1.	Both Statement I and Statement II are correct and Statement II correctly explains Statement I
2.	Both Statement I and Statement II are correct but Statement II does not correctly explain Statement I
3.	Statement I is correct but Statement II is incorrect
4.	Statement I is incorrect but Statement II is correct

74. The sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide constitutes what level of protein structure organization?

1.	primary	2.	secondary
3.	tertiary	4.	quaternary

75. Which of the following is not a lipid?
1. Lipase
2. Cholesterol
3. Glycerol
4. Monoglycerides

76.

"Ramachandran plot" is used to confirm the structure of:
1. RNA
2. Proteins
3. Triacylglycerides
4. DNA

77. Many organic substances are negatively charged e.g., acetic acid, while others are positively charged e.g., ammonium ion. An amino acid under certain conditions would have both positive and negative charges simultaneously in the same molecule. Such a form of amino acid is called
1. Positively charged form
2. Negatively charged form
3. Neutral form
4. Zwitter ionic form

78. The α helix and the β pleated sheets represent which level of the organisation of the structure of a protein?
1. Primary
2. Secondary
3. Tertiary
4. Quaternary

79. In the absence of an enzyme, the reaction catalysed by this enzyme:
1. will not take place
2. is very slow
3. produces some other product
4. gets faster

80. Match the following and select the correct option.

	Column I		Column II
i.	Lipid	p.	Glutamic acid
ii.	Amino acid	q.	Glycerol
iii.	Protein	r.	Starch
iv.	Carbohydrate	s.	Collagen

1. i-q, ii-s, iii-r, iv-p
2. i-q, ii-p, iii-s, iv-r
3. i-p, ii-q, iii-r, iv-s
4. i-r, ii-s, iii-p, iv-q

81. The catalytic cycle of an enzyme action can be described in certain steps. Which of the following is not true in this regard?

1.	The substrate binds to the active site of the enzyme, fitting into the active site.
2.	The binding of the substrate induces the enzyme to alter its shape, fitting more tightly around the substrate.
3.	The active site of the enzyme, now in close proximity of the substrate breaks the chemical bonds of the substrate and the new enzyme- product complex is formed.
4.	The enzyme releases the products of the reaction and the enzyme is used up and cannot be used again.

82. Match each item in Column-I with one in Column-II and select the correct match from the codes given:

	Column-I		Column-II
A.	Lysine	P.	Simplest alpha amino acid
B.	Serine	Q.	Aromatic amino acid
C.	Glycine	R.	Basic amino acid
D.	Tryptophan	S.	R functional group is hydroxymethyl

Codes:

	A	B	C	D
1.	R	S	P	Q
2.	R	S	Q	P
3.	S	R	P	Q
4.	S	R	Q	P

83. Glucose gets converted to pyruvic acid in glycolysis through
1. ten different enzyme catalysed metabolic reactions.
2. ten different metabolic reaction, eight catalysed by enzymes and two uncatalysed.
3. eleven different enzyme catalysed metabolic reactions.
4. a single enzyme catalysed metabolic reaction.

84. An enzyme catalysed biochemical reaction in a living organism is being carried out at a certain rate at 20°C. If the temperature is raised to 30°C, it is generally expected that the rate:

1.	will double
2.	will decrease by half
3.	will remain the same
4.	will become zero and the reaction will stop

85. One of the following biomolecules is neither a macromolecule nor a polymer. Identify it:
1. Proteins
2. Lipids
3. Carbohydrates
4. Nucleic acids

Biology-II-Section-B

86. If we compare percentage weight of elements present in Earth’s crust and the Human body, which of the following would be present in the largest percentage in both?
1. Carbon
2. Oxygen
3. Hydrogen
4. Nitrogen

87. If we represent the chemical composition of living tissue from abundance point of view and arrange them class-wise, the second most abundant chemical in living organisms is:
1. Water
2. Protein
3. Carbohydrate
4. Nucleic acid

88. The first amino acid in the primary structure of a protein is termed as:
1. C – terminus amino acid
2. N – terminus amino acid
3. An imino acid
4. Alpha amino acid

89. Match each item in Column I with one in Column II and select the correct match from the codes given:

	Column I		Column II
A	Palmitic acid	P	Has 16 carbons excluding carboxyl carbon
B	Beta pleated sheet	Q	Has 16 carbons including carboxyl carbon
C	Arachidonic acid	R	Secondary structure of a protein
		S	Tertiary structure of a protein
		T	Has 20 carbons including carboxyl carbon

Codes:

	A	B	C
1.	Q	R	T
2.	Q	R	P
3.	P	R	Q
4.	R	P	Q

90. Regarding the primary structure of a protein:

I:	The sequence of amino acids i.e., the positional information in a protein is called the primary structure of a protein.
II:	A protein is imagined as a line, the left end represented by the first amino acid and the right end represented by the last amino acid.
III:	The first amino acid is also called as C-terminal amino acid and the last amino acid is called the N-terminal amino acid.

1. Only I and II are correct
2. Only I and III are correct
3. Only II and III are correct
4. I, II and III are correct

91. Prosthetic groups are distinguished from other cofactors in that they are:
1. tightly bound to the apoenzyme
2. inorganic compounds
3. metal ions
4. vitamins

92. All the following biomolecules can be called both polymers and macromolecules except:
1. Lipids
2. Proteins
3. Carbohydrates
4. Nucleic acids

93. If we represent the chemical composition of living tissue from abundance point of view, the most abundant chemical in living organisms is:

1.	Water	2.	Carbohydrates
3.	Proteins	4.	Lipids

94. The molecules in the acid insoluble fraction of a cell:

1.	have molecular weights ranging from 18 to around 800 daltons (Da) approximately.
2.	include lipids.
3.	are all polymeric substances.
4.	correspond to the cytoplasm of a typical cell.

95.

Chitin, a complex polysaccharide, is found in:

1.	Plant cell wall
2.	The exoskeleton of arthropods and cell walls of most fungi
3.	Bacterial cell wall
4.	Cartilage and other connective tissues

96. Like a protein, an enzyme, almost always:

I:	has a primary structure
II:	has the secondary and the tertiary structure

1.	Only I is correct
2.	Only II is correct
3.	Both I and II are correct
4.	Both I and II are incorrect

97. Which of the following components of the acid insoluble fraction of a cell is not a macromolecule?

1.	proteins	2.	nucleic acids
3.	polysaccharides	4.	lipids

98. Coenzymes nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) and NADP contain the vitamin:

1.	Riboflavin	2.	Pantothenic acid
3.	Niacin	4.	Pteroylglutamic acid

99.

Which of the following statements regarding enzyme inhibition is correct:

1.	Competitive inhibition is seen when a substrate competes with an enzyme for binding to an inhibitor protein
2.	Non-competitive inhibitors often bind to the enzyme irreversibly
3.	Competitive inhibition is seen when the substrate and the inhibitor compete for the active site on the enzyme
4.	Non-competitive inhibition of an enzyme can be overcome by adding large amounts of substrate

100.

Given below is the graph showing the effect of substrate concentration on enzyme activity. In the presence of a competitive inhibitor, when the concentration of the substrate is progressively increased:

1.	The K_m value increases but the reaction will not achieve V_max
2.	The K_m value increases but the reaction can ultimately achieve V_max
3.	The K_m value decreases but the reaction will not achieve V_max
4.	The K_m value decreases but the reaction can ultimately achieve V_max

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