ALTIUS - Unit Test # 4

Botany - Section A

1. In non-cyclic photo-phosphorylation:

1.	only PS I is functional
2.	both photosystems work in series, first PS I and then PS II
3.	only ATP synthesis takes place and NADPH is not synthesized
4.	both ATP and NADPH are synthesized

2.

The antenna pigment molecules:

1.	are responsible for photolysis of water to release oxygen
2.	harvest photons and transfer light energy to the reaction-center chlorophyll
3.	transfer electrons to chlorophyll a
4.	transfer electrons to ferredoxin and then NADPH

3. In Electron Transport System in mitochondria, UQH₂ passes electrons to:

1.	FMN	2.	Cytochrome b
3.	Fe-S	4.	FAD

4.

In a cytochrome molecule, which of the following actually accepts and releases electrons?

1.	oxygen	2.	zinc
3.	carbon	4.	iron

5.

The numbers of FADH₂, ATP, Carbon dioxide and NADH molecules produced in a single turn of citric acid cycle respectively are:
1. One, Two, Three and Four
2. One, One, Two and Three
3. One, Two, Two and Three
4. Two, One Two and Three

6. RuBP is a:

1.	Aldopentose sugar	2.	Ketopentose sugar
3.	Aldohexose sugar	4.	Ketohexose sugar

7. The 5-C compound formed during TCA cycle is:

1.	α–ketoglutaric acid	2.	Oxalo succinic acid
3.	Succinic acid	4.	Fumaric acid

8. The names for Complex III and Complex IV in the mitochondrial electron transport chain respectively are:
1. NADH dehydrogenase and Succinic dehydrogenase
2. NADH dehydrogenase and ATP synthase
3. Cytochrome bc1 and Cytochrome c oxidase
4. Cytochrome bc1 and Cytochrome b6f

9.

In the citric acid cycle, succinate is oxidized to fumarate by an enzyme located in the:
1. outer mitochondrial membrane
2. intermembrane space
3. inner mitochondrial membrane
4. matrix

10. The reducing power used in Calvin cycle for reduction of carbon dioxide is:

1.	NADH	2.	NADPH
3.	ATP	4.	Water

11. Which PGR promotes flowering in pineapples, induces parthenocarpy in tomatoes and also used as herbicides?

1.	Auxins	2.	Cytokinins
3.	Gibberellins	4.	Ethylene

12.

Which one of the following pairs, is not correctly matched?
1. Abscisic acid - Stomatal closure
2. Gibberellic acid - Leaf fall
3. Cytokinin - Cell division
4. IAA - Cell wall elongation

13. During oxidation within a cell, all the energy contained in respiratory substrates:
1. is released free into the cell
2. is released in a single step
3. is released in a series of slow stepwise reactions
4. gets converted to usable energy

14.

The ‘triple response to mechanical stress’ is related to the plant growth regulator:
1. Ethylene
2. ABA
3. Auxin
4. Cytokinin

15. In plants:

1.	Both growth and differentiation are ‘open’
2.	Root, elongating at a constant rate, exhibit geometric growth
3.	Extension growth, with the help of water, does not take place
4.	Development is independent of any external factors

16.

Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):

Assertion (A):	Plant growth and development is intimately linked to the water status of a plant.
Reason (R):	Oxygen helps in releasing metabolic energy essential for growth activities.

In the light of the above statements choose the correct answer from the options given below:

1.	Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
2.	Both (A) and (R) are True but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
3.	(A) is True but (R) is False.
4.	Both (A) and (R) are False.

17. The phenomenon by which the undividing parenchyma cells start to divide mitotically during plant tissue culture is called as :

1.	Differentiation	2.	Dedifferentiation
3.	Redifferentiation	4.	Secondary growth

18.

NADH is produced during
I. glycolysis
II. the oxidation of pyruvate
III. the Krebs cycle

1.	Only I and II	2.	Only I and III
3.	Only II and III	4.	I, II and III

19.

Root development is promoted by -

1.	Auxin	2.	Gibberellin
3.	Ethylene	4.	Abscisic acid

20.

Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):

Assertion (A):	Spraying cereal fields with 2,4-D eliminates monocot weeds.
Reason (R):	Dicots can rapidly inactivate synthetic auxins.

In the light of the above statements choose the correct answer from the options given below:

1.	Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
2.	Both (A) and (R) are True but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
3.	(A) is True but (R) is False.
4.	Both (A) and (R) are False.

21.

What is the role of NAD⁺ in cellular respiration?
1. It functions as an enzymes
2. It functions as an electron carrier
3. It is a nucleotide source for ATP synthesis
4. It is the final electron acceptor for anaerobic respiration

22. During glycolysis in plant cells, the enzyme hexokinase catalyzes the phosphorylation of:

I:	Glucose
II:	Fructose

1.	Only I	2.	Only II
3.	Both I and II	4.	Neither I nor II

23. The ability of plants to follow different pathways in response to environment leading to formation of different kinds of
structures is called :

1.	Redifferentiation	2.	Development
3.	Plasticity	4.	Differentiation

24.

The number of steps in the Kreb's cycle where oxidative decarboxylation takes place is:

1.	1	2.	2
3.	3	4.	6

25.

Identify the correct relationship between photosynthesis and cellular respiration:

1.	while only autotrophs photosynthesize, only heterotrophs respire
2.	while photosynthesis uses solar energy to convert inorganics to energy-rich organics, respiration breaks down energy-rich organics to synthesize ATP
3.	photosynthesis occurs in day time and respiration at night
4.	ATP cannot be formed during photosynthesis, it can only be formed in cellular respiration.

26. For each molecule of glucose, the number of molecules of Acetyl CoA entering the Citric Acid Cycle is:

1.	1	2.	2
3.	3	4.	4

27.

The net reaction of all light-dependent reactions in oxygenic photosynthesis is:

1.	2H₂O + 2NAD⁺ + 3ADP + 3Pi $\rightarrow$ O₂+ 2NADH + 3ATP
2.	2H₂O + 3NAD⁺ + 2ADP + 3Pi $\rightarrow$ O₂+ 3NADH + 2ATP
3.	2H₂O + 2NADP⁺ + 3ADP + 3Pi $\rightarrow$ O₂+ 2NADH + 3ATP
4.	2H₂O + 3NADP⁺ + 2ADP + 3Pi $\rightarrow$ O₂+ 3NADH + 3ATP

28. Consider the given two statements:

Assertion (A):	The enzyme PEP carboxylase is involved in C₄ photosynthesis.
Reason (R):	PEP carboxylase has a higher affinity for CO₂ than RuBisCo.

1.	Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) correctly explains (A)
2.	Both (A) and (R) are True but (R) does not correctly explain (A)
3.	(A) is True but (R) is False
4.	Both (A) and (R) are False

29. The oxygen evolving complex is associated with:

1.	PS I	2.	PS II
3.	Both 1 and 2	4.	Neither 1 nor 2

30. When the ratio of carbon dioxide and oxygen in the vicinity of RuBisCO is 1, the affinity of the enzyme:

1.	is nearly nil for oxygen
2.	is about equal for both carbon dioxide and oxygen
3.	is much greater for oxygen than carbon dioxide
4.	is much greater for carbon dioxide than oxygen

31.

Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):

Assertion (A):	Pyruvate decarboxylation or pyruvate oxidation links glycolysis and the Krebs cycle.
Reason (R):	Krebs cycle occurs in the mitochondria.

In the light of the above statements choose the correct answer from the options given below:

1.	Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
2.	Both (A) and (R) are True but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
3.	(A) is True but (R) is False.
4.	Both (A) and (R) are False.

32.

The importance of lactic acid fermentation lies in the fact that it:
1. reduces NAD⁺ to NADH
2. reduces FAD⁺ to FADH₂
3. oxidizes NADH to NAD⁺
4. reduces FADH₂ to FAD⁺

33.

Identify the correct statements regarding factors affecting photosynthesis:

I:	At very high light intensities chlorophyll damage can occur due to photo-oxidation.
II:	Affinity for carbon dioxide of the enzyme RuBisCO is reduced at higher temperatures.
III:	The current availability of carbon dioxide may be a limiting factor for C₃ plants.
IV:	If leaf undergoes senescence, loss of chlorophyll occurs.

1.	I, II and III only	2.	I, II and IV only
3.	II, II and IV only	4.	I, II, III and IV

34.

In photosystem-I, the first electron acceptor is :
1. ferredoxin
2. cytochrome
3. plastocyanin
4. an iron-sulphur protein

35. Bundle sheath cells, part of Kranz anatomy in a C₄plant, are not characterized by:

1.	May form several layers around the vascular bundle
2.	Have large number of chloroplasts
3.	Have thick walls impervious to gaseous exchange
4.	Large intercellular spaces are seen

Botany - Section B

36.

The source of hydrogen most probably used by the earliest photosynthesizers was:
1. Hydrogen sulfide
2. Water
3. Methane
4. Glucose

37.

Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):

Assertion (A):	Application of gibberellins can restore normal growth and development in all dwarf mutants.
Reason (R):	Gibberellins act antagonist to auxin to promote stem elongation.

In the light of the above statements choose the correct answer from the options given below:

1.	Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
2.	Both (A) and (R) are True but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
3.	(A) is True but (R) is False.
4.	Both (A) and (R) are False.

38. During complete aerobic respiration of one molecule of glucose, there can be a net gain of:

1.	24 ATP	2.	28 ATP
3.	33 ATP	4.	38 ATP

39. What provides the electrons needed to replace those removed from photosystem II during non cyclic photophosphorylation?

1.	PS I	2.	Oxygen
3.	Water	4.	Carbon dioxide

40.

Glycolytic pathway evolved very early in evolution. This is supported by the fact that:

1.	The ATP production in glycolysis is much less than in oxidative phosphorylation.
2.	It is found in the cytosol, does not involve oxygen, and is present in most organisms.
3.	It is found in prokaryotic cells but not in eukaryotic cells.
4.	It does not need any enzymes that evolved much later.

41.

Photorespiration rates are increased by:

I:	lowered availability of carbon dioxide
II:	increased availability of oxygen
III:	increased temperature

1.	Only I and II	2.	Only I and III
3.	Only II and III	4.	I, II and III

42. Ethylene, a PGR, is not involved in:

1.	fruit ripening
2.	breaking seed and bud dormancy
3.	closure of stomata in water stress
4.	respiratory climactic

43.

As compared to a $C_{3}$ plant, how many additional molecules of ATP are needed for net production of one molecule of hexose sugar by $C_{4}$ plants ?

1.	Zero	2.	Six
3.	Two	4.	Twelve

44.

The reactions of the Calvin Cycle occur in:

1.	stroma of the chloroplast
2.	thylakoid membrane
3.	lumen of the thylakoids
4.	space between outer and inner membrane of the chloroplast

45.

The source of oxygen for the synthesis of water in oxidative phosphorylation is:
1. carbon dioxide
2. glucose
3. molecular oxygen
4. pyruvate

46. How do C₃ and C₄ plants respond to $CO_2$ concentration at high light intensities?
1. Both show increased rates of photosynthesis
2. Both show decreased rates of photosynthesis
3. Only C₃ plants show increased rates of photosynthesis
4. Only C₄ plants show increased rates of photosynthesis

47.

What percentage of ATP formed in a glycolytic pathway is formed by substrate-level phosphorylation?

1.	0%	2.	3.5%
3.	32%	4.	100%

48.

Plants bend toward light because

1.	light is the source of energy that drives photosynthesis.
2.	the sun stimulates stem growth.
3.	cell expansion is greater on the dark side of the stem.
4.	there is inactivation of auxin on the dark side of the stem.

49.

Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):

Assertion (A):	PEP carboxylase can fix carbon more efficiently than RuBisCO when it is hot and dry and stomata are partially closed.
Reason (R):	PEP carboxylase has a much high affinity for CO₂ than RuBisCO and no affinity for O₂.

In the light of the above statements choose the correct answer from the options given below:

1.	Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
2.	Both (A) and (R) are True but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
3.	(A) is True but (R) is False.
4.	Both (A) and (R) are False.

50.

Isolated inner membrane of mitochondria can carry out:
1. the citric acid cycle
2. oxidative phosphorylation
3. glycolysis and fermentation
4. reduction of ${NAD}^{+}$

Zoology - Section A

51.

The four major lobes of the cerebrum are called as:
1. dorsal, ventral, lateral and medial
2. parietal, frontal, dorsal, occipital
3. motor, sensory, associative and integrative
4. frontal, parietal, temporal and occipital

52.

The pair of glands that are composed of follicles and stromal tissue is:

1.	Pancreas and adrenal	2.	Thyroid and pituitary
3.	Ovary and thyroid	4.	Ovary and testis

53.

Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):

Assertion (A):	Osteoporosis is common in post-menopausal women.
Reason (R):	The small intestine in post-menopausal women is unable to absorb divalent cations such as calcium.

In the light of the above statements choose the correct answer from the options given below:

1.	Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
2.	Both (A) and (R) are True but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
3.	(A) is True but (R) is False.
4.	Both (A) and (R) are False.

54.

Cortisol, estrogen, progesterone, androgens and aldosterone:

1.	are derived from cholesterol molecules
2.	are polar molecules
3.	include the prostaglandins and the sex hormones testosterone and progesterone
4.	bind mostly to receptors in the cell membrane

55.

Blood analysis of a patient reveals an unusually high quantity of carboxy-haemoglobin content. Which of the following conclusions is most likely to be correct ? The patient has been inhaling polluted air containing unusually high content of -

1.	Chloroform	2.	Carbon dioxide
3.	Carbon monoxide	4.	carbon disulphide

56.

Arrange the following events in the correct chronological order:

a.	calcium ions released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum
b.	sarcoplasmic reticulum takes up calcium ions
c.	calcium ions diffuse towards troponin
d.	action potential moves down the T tubule
e.	the length of the sarcomere shortens
f.	muscle relaxes

1.	a, c, d, e, b, f	2.	b, c, e, d, f, a
3.	d, a, c, e, b, f	4.	d, b, c, e, a, f

57.

What percent of filtrate is reabsorbed by the renal tubules in human kidneys?

1.	Less than 5%	2.	About 50%
3.	About 70%	4.	More than 99%

58.

Identify an exocrine gland amongst the following:

1.	adrenal	2.	pineal
3.	parathyroid	4.	salivary

59. What feature on ECG represents the return of ventricles from excited to normal state?

1.	P wave	2.	R wave
3.	S wave	4.	T wave

60. An injury to the cerebellum would most probably lead to:

1.	Hyperphagia, Excessive eating or an abnormally increased appetite
2.	coma
3.	Aphasia, Impairment in the ability to speak, understand, read, or write
4.	Ataxia, Lack of coordination in voluntary movements

61.

Neurotransmitters:
1. are chemical signals.
2. are broken down slowly after they are released.
3. occur in gap junctions.
4. are released by the postsynaptic cell.

62.

Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):

Assertion (A):	It is important that the lungs are situated in air-tight thoracic chamber.
Reason (R):	Humans cannot directly alter the pulmonary volumes.

In the light of the above statements choose the correct answer from the options given below:

1.	Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
2.	Both (A) and (R) are True but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
3.	(A) is True but (R) is False.
4.	Both (A) and (R) are False.

63. The length of which of the following structures remains same during muscle contraction by sliding filament mechanism?

1.	H zone	2.	A band
3.	I band	4.	Sarcomere

64.

In haemodialysis, the cleared blood is pumped back to the body:
1. through a vein after adding heparin
2. through a vein after adding anti-heparin
3. through an artery after adding heparin
4. through an artery after adding anti-heparin

65.

To maintain the pH and ionic balance of the body fluids, the proximal convoluted tubule selectively secretes all the following into the filtrate except:

I.	Hydrogen ion	II.	Potassium ion
III.	Ammonia	IV.	Bicarbonate ion

1. I & II
2. II & III
3. II & IV
4. Only IV

66.

A countercurrent mechanism system is a mechanism that expends energy to create a concentration gradient. This mechanism in human kidneys involves:
1. proximal tubule and distal tubule.
2. loop of Henle and vasa recta.
3. distal tubule and collecting duct.
4. glomerulus and Bowman's capsule.

67.

A motor unit is

1.	all the muscle fibers innervated by all the motor neurons in a muscle.
2.	all the fibers in one fasciculus.
3.	all the muscle fibers innervated by a single motor neuron in a muscle.
4.	all the motor neurons that innervate one muscle fiber in a muscle.

68.

With respect to the human upper limb, identify the incorrectly matched pair:
1. Number of bones in arm: 1
2. Number of bones in forearm: 2
3. Number of bones in wrist: 10
4. Number of bones in fingers: 14

69.

The number of pairs of vertebrosternal ribs in humans are:

1.	3	2.	2
3.	7	4.	10

70.

If the heart rate is 60 per minute, the duration of each cardiac cycle will be:

1.	0.8 seconds	2.	0.75 seconds
3.	1.0 second	4.	1.2 second

71.

The GFR will be decreased if there is:
1. elevated blood pressure
2. constriction of the afferent arterioles
3. decreased blood colloid osmotic pressure
4. decreased capsule pressure

72.

The urine examination of a healthy person should not show the presence of:

1.	nitrogenous waste	2.	chloride
3.	protein	4.	sodium

73.

All the following would be true for the mineralocorticoid, aldosterone, except:
1. secreted from the zona glomerulosa
2. decreases blood Na⁺ levels
3. stimulated by angiotensin II
4. raises blood volume

74.

All the following lead to a right shift of oxy-hemoglobin dissociation curve except:
1. Increase in pH
2. Increase in temperature
3. Increase in partial pressure of carbon dioxide
4. Presence of 2,3-DPG

75.

The superior and inferior radioulnar joints are examples of

1.	gliding joint	2.	hinge joint
3.	condyloid joint	4.	pivot joint

76. The facial skeleton bones in the human skull do not include:

1.	Zygomatic	2.	Sphenoid
3.	Nasal	4.	Maxilla

77.

In its actions on carbohydrate, fat, and protein metabolism, which of the following hormones can be described as antagonistic to insulin?

1.	Glucagon	2.	Cortisol
3.	Thyroxin	4.	Growth hormone

78.

The second most common formed elements in the human blood are:

1.	Proteins	2.	Water
3.	RBC	4.	Thrombocytes

79.

The rarest white blood cells are:

1.	neutrophils	2.	eosinophils
3.	basophils	4.	lymphocytes

80.

All the following are related to the limbic system in the human brain except:

1.	Amygdala	2.	Hippocampus
3.	Olfactory bulb	4.	Corpus callosum

81.

Which of the following is most likely to take place during quiet expiration?
1. abdominal muscles relax.
2. diaphragm moves inferiorly.
3. external intercostal muscles contract.
4. thorax and lungs passively recoil.

82. The trachea is surrounded by 16 to 20 incomplete and C-shaped rings of:
1. Hyaline cartilage
2. Elastic cartilage
3. Fibrous cartilage
4. Calcified cartilage

83.

Which substance is filtered, reabsorbed, and secreted by different regions of the nephron tubules?

1.	potassium ion (K⁺)	2.	inulin
3.	urea	4.	glucose

84. Neurohypophysis:
1. secretes large number of tropins
2. synthesizes oxytocin and vasopressin
3. merges with pars distalis in humans
4. stores and releases oxytocin and vasopressin

85. Each time the sodium-potassium pump works, it pumps:
1. the anions as well with sodium to the outside
2. the anions as well with potassium to the inside
3. 3 sodium ions outwards
4. 3 potassium ions inwards

Zoology - Section B

86.

The SA node is called as the normal pacemaker of the human heart because:

1.	it is the only muscle in the nodal tissue and human heart is myogenic
2.	it is the remnant of the sinus venosus
3.	it is located in the right atrium, and atria must contract before ventricles
4.	it generates impulse at maximum rate in the nodal tissue

87.

The first heart sound is heard during the:
1. Beginning of ventricular systole
2. End of ventricular systole
3. Beginning of atrial systole
4. End of ventricular diastole

88.

The peripheral chemoreceptors for regulation of respiration are located:
1. adjacent to the rhythm center
2. near arch of aorta and carotid artery
3. in the walls of trachea
4. in the walls of the alveoli

89. Which structure enables the communication between the left and right cerebral hemispheres in the human brain?
1. Foramen of Monroe
2. Cerebral aqueduct of Sylvius
3. Corpus callosum
4. Cerebellar peduncles

90.

Osteoporosis is an age-related disorder characterized by decreased bone mass and increased chances of fractures. It can be treated by HRT [Hormone replacement therapy]. The hormone is:

1.	Oestrogen	2.	Progesterone
3.	hCG	4.	DHEA

91.

When carbon dioxide combines with haemoglobin in blood, it forms:
1. Carboxyhemoglobin
2. Carbaminohemoglobin
3. Methemoglobin
4. Oxidized hemoglobin

92.

During concentration of urine, urea diffuses out of and enters respectively into the:

1.	proximal tubule, descending limb of the vasa recta
2.	descending limb of vasa recta, ascending limb of the loop of Henle
3.	ascending limb of the loop of Henle, collecting duct
4.	collecting duct, ascending limb of the loop of Henle

93.

You are required to draw blood from a patient and keep it in a test tube for analysis of blood corpuscles and plasma. You are also provided with the following four types of test tubes. Which of these will you not use for the purpose?
1. Test tube containing calcium bicarbonate
2. Chilled test tube
3. Test tube containing heparin
4. Test tube containing sodium oxalate

94. What is correct regarding iodothyronines?
1. They are derivatives of tryptophan amino acid
2. They are peptides
3. They interact with intracellular receptors
4. They act both as hormones neurotransmitters

95.

What would be the approximate volume of blood pumped by both ventricles under normal resting physiological conditions in a healthy human adult?

1.	10 L	2.	8 L
3.	5 L	4.	2.5 L

96.

An ATPase activity is associated with:
1. G actin molecule
2. head of myosin molecule
3. troponin molecule
4. F actin

97.

Dehydration in human body will:
1. inhibit the thirst center
2. cause stomach distention
3. stimulate osmoreceptors in the hypothalamus
4. inhibit ADH secretion

98.

Secretin and cholecystokinin are digestive hormones. They are secreted in

1.	Oesophagus	2.	Ileum
3.	Duodenum	4.	Pyloric stomach

99.

In the resting state of the neural membrane, diffusion due to concentration gradients, if allowed would drive

1. K⁺ into the cell
2. Na⁺ into the cell
3. Na⁺ out of the cell
4. K⁺ and Na⁺ out of the cell

100.

Which of the given three layers in the respiratory membrane is/are one-celled thick?

I:	Alveolar epithelium
II:	Basement substance
III:	Vascular endothelium

1.	Only I	2.	Only I and II
3.	Only I and III	4.	I, II and III

Fill OMR Sheet*

*If above link doesn't work, please go to test link from where you got the pdf and fill OMR from there

CLICK HERE to get FREE ACCESS for 2 days of ANY NEETprep course

1.	2H₂O + 2NAD⁺ + 3ADP + 3Pi \(\rightarrow\) O₂+ 2NADH + 3ATP
2.	2H₂O + 3NAD⁺ + 2ADP + 3Pi \(\rightarrow\) O₂+ 3NADH + 2ATP
3.	2H₂O + 2NADP⁺ + 3ADP + 3Pi \(\rightarrow\) O₂+ 2NADH + 3ATP
4.	2H₂O + 3NADP⁺ + 2ADP + 3Pi \(\rightarrow\) O₂+ 3NADH + 3ATP

Please be patient as the PDF generation may take up to a minute.

Fill OMR Sheet*