In microinjection, the rDNA :
1. | coats the micropellets and is used in biolistics to transform plant cells |
2. | is directly injected into the cytoplasm of a plant or an animal cell |
3. | is delivered in the vicinity of the plasma membrane of the cell (to be transformed) |
4. | is directly injected into the nucleus of an animal cell |
Assertion (A): | India had to strive to increase yields per unit area from existing farmlands for the success of Green revolution in the 1960s. |
Reason (R): | Only limited land was available for cultivation. |
1. | Both (A) and Reason are false. |
2. | Both (A) and Reason are true but (R) does not explain (A). |
3. | (A) is true but (R) is false. |
4. | Both (A) and Reason are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). |
More than 70 per cent of livestock population is found in:
1. | Denmark | 2. | India |
3. | China | 4. | India and China |
Which of the given statements is correct in the context of visualizing DNA molecules separated by agarose gel electrophoresis?
1. | DNA can be seen in visible light |
2. | DNA can be seen without staining in visible light |
3. | Ethidium bromide stained DNA can be seen in visible light |
4. | Ethidium bromide stained DNA can be seen under exposure to UV light |
Cancer detection is mainly based on:
1. | Radiography | 2. | Ultrasonography |
3. | Magnetic resonance imaging | 4. | Histopathology |
In the given diagram of pBR322, the location of the recognition sequences of BamH I and Sal I are represented by the numbers:
1. | 1 and 2 | 2. | 3 and 4 |
3. | 6 and 7 | 4. | 5 and 8 |
Non-specific response to microbes that enter the human body involves the response of all the following except:
1. | T lymphocyte | 2. | Neutrophil |
3. | Macrophage | 4. | Natural Killer cell |
Consider the two statements:
I: | It is desirable to use restriction enzymes produce 'sticky ends' for cloning experiments in genetic engineering. |
II: | If the donor DNA and the vector DNA are cut by such same restriction endonuclease, ligation of the two is easy. |
1. | Both I and II are correct and II explains I |
2. | Both I and II are correct but II does not explain I |
3. | Only I is correct |
4. | Both I and II are incorrect |
Identify the correct statement regarding typhoid fever in human beings:
1. | It is caused by a pathogenic protozoan Salmonella typhi |
2. | The pathogen remains confined to the small intestine |
3. | Widal test can confirm the infection very early in the disease |
4. | Intestinal perforation and death may occur in severe cases |
Identify the incorrect statement regarding HIV:
1. | It is a retrovirus with a single copy of RNA |
2. | It can be transmitted through breastfeeding |
3. | It initially uses macrophages as factories for replication |
4. | Progression of the infection to AIDS can take up to 10 years |
Malignant tertian malaria is caused by Plasmodium:
1. | vivax | 2. | ovale |
3. | falciparum | 4. | malariae |
Cross hybridisation among the selected parents is frequently used for the improvement of crop plants. Which of the following is not a shortcoming of the process?
1. | The combination of desired characters may always not be possible |
2. | It can be a tedious and time-consuming process |
3. | Undesirable characters may get introduced |
4. | The number of progeny is very limited |
The construction of first rDNA emerged from the possibility of linking a gene encoding antibiotic resistance with a native plasmid of:
1. | Salmonella typhimurium | 2. | Escherechia coli |
3. | Agrobacterium tumefaciens | 4. | Haemophilus influenzae |
Given below are the results of three water samples subjected to BOD test:
I: | Sample A can be from secondary effluent discharged from an STP. |
II: | Sample B can be from a river presumed to be mild to moderately polluted. |
III: | Sample C can be from untreated sewage water. |
1. Only I and II are correct
2. Only I and III are correct
3. Only II and III are correct
4. I, II and III are correct
Statement I: | Gobar gas is biogas, but not all biogas can be called gobar gas. |
Statement II: | Gobar gas strictly refers to cow dung biogas obtained from the anaerobic digestion of cow dung only, however, the final product isn’t much different, and gobar gas is usually called biogas by subject matter experts. |
1. | that reads same on the two strands when orientation of reading is kept the same. |
2. | that reads same on the two strands when orientation of reading is 5’ to 3’ on one end and 3’ to 5’ on the other. |
3. | that are complementary on the two strands when orientation of reading is kept the same. |
4. | that are complementary on the two strands when orientation of reading is 5’ to 3’ on one end and 3’ to 5’ on the other. |
Match each item in Column I [Diazotroph] with the feature in Column II and select the correct answer from the codes given below:
|
Column I |
|
Column II |
A. |
Cyanobacteria |
a. |
Actinorhizal symbiont |
B. |
Frankia |
b. |
Do not form nodules |
C. |
Rhizobium |
c. |
Free-living nitrogen fixer |
D. |
Azotobacter |
d. |
Legume symbiont |
Codes
A | B | C | D | |
1. | a | b | c | d |
2. | b | a | c | d |
3. | a | b | d | c |
4. | b | a | d | c |
The steps included in a cycle of Polymerase Chain Reaction are:
1. | initiation, elongation, and termination |
2. | transfection, transformation, and transduction |
3. | denaturation, annealing, and extension |
4. | restriction, electrophoresis, and elution |
I: | It is usually spherical in shape. |
II: | The stirrer facilitates even mixing and oxygen availability throughout the reactor. |
I: | Most of the developing and underdeveloped world is rich financially, but poor in biodiversity and traditional knowledge. |
II: | Most of the industrialised nations are rich in biodiversity and traditional knowledge related to bio-resources but poor in biotechnology. |
1. | Statement I is correct. |
2. | Statement II is correct. |
3. | Both Statement I and Statement II are correct. |
4. | Both Statement I and Statement II are incorrect. |
Statement I: | Use of genetically modified crops is an important option for increasing food production in the future. |
Statement II: | Agrochemicals are too expensive for farmers in the developing world. |
1. | Statement I is correct and Statement II is incorrect |
2. | Both Statement I and Statement II are correct |
3. | Both Statement I and Statement II are incorrect |
4. | Statement I is incorrect and Statement II is correct |
I: | All diabetics require insulin from the very beginning. |
II: | Insulin can be given orally to diabetics. |
III. | Insulin extracted from pancreas of slaughtered cattle and pigs caused some patients to develop allergy. |
IV. | Recombinant insulin was first prepared by Indian pharmaceutical giant Ranbaxy. |
V. | The two polypeptide chains in the final structure of Insulin are joined by disulfide bonds. |
VI. | DNA sequences corresponding to A and B chains of human insulin were introduced in plasmids of E.coli to produce insulin chains for preparing recombinant insulin. |
1. | 2 | 2. | 3 |
3. | 4 | 4. | 5 |
Formation of tropical forests needs mean annual temperature and mean annual precipitation as:
1. 18 – 25 °C and 150 – 400 cm
2. 5 – 15 °C and 50 – 100 cm
3. 30 - 50°C and 100 – 150 cm
4. 5 – 15 °C and 100 – 200 cm
1. | a nematode, Meloidogyne incognita. |
2. | a nematode, Caenorhabditis elegans. |
3. | a trematode, Clonorchis sinensis. |
4. | a cestode, Taenia sloium. |
The viruses generally used for gene therapy are:
1. | ds DNA virus | 2. | ss DNA virus |
3. | Reovirus | 4. | Reterovirus |
Assertion (A): | Species diversity contributes to the well-being of an ecosystem. |
Reason (R): | Rich biodiversity contributes to higher productivity of an ecosystem. |
1. | Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). |
2. | Both (A) and (R) are True but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). |
3. | (A) is True but (R) is False. |
4. | Both (A) and (R) are False. |
Ecological succession leads to mesic conditions in:
I: | Hydrarch succession |
II: | Xerarch succession |
1. Both I and II
2. Only I
3. Only II
4. Neither I nor II
Statement I: | ‘A’ group will be of fishes. |
Statement II: | ‘B’ and ‘C’ are endotherms. |
Statement III: | ‘D’ are more successful on land than ‘E’. |
All the following are adaptations in desert plants to minimize water loss except:
1. Thick cuticle
2. photosynthesis
3. CAM pathway
4. Sunken stomata
Identify the incorrectly matched pair:
Ecosystem service |
Cost out of total [%] |
|
1. |
Soil formation |
50 |
2. |
Nutrient cycling |
10 |
3. |
Climate regulation |
6 |
4. |
Habitat for wildlife |
3 |
To get pollinated by a bee, the Mediterranean Orchid, Ophrys, employs:
1. Sexual deceit
2. Pseudo-copulation
3. Reward in the form of nectar
4. Place for laying eggs
Predators do not:
1. | act as ‘conduits’ for energy transfer across trophic levels |
2. | keep prey populations under control |
3. | over-exploit their prey |
4. | help in maintaining species diversity in a community |
Assertion (A): | Ability to maintain a constant internal environment enhances the overall ‘fitness’ of the species. |
Reason (R): | A constant internal environment permits all biochemical reactions and physiological functions to proceed with maximal efficiency. |
1. | (A) is true but (R) is false. |
2. | (A) is false but (R) is true. |
3. | Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) explains (A). |
4. | Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) does not explain (A). |
Keoladeo National Park, host to migratory birds from Siberia, is in:
1. | Rajasthan | 2. | Uttar Pradesh |
3. | Madhya Pradesh | 4. | Gujarat |
The three steps of decomposition occur:
1. sequentially, with catabolism being the last step.
2. sequentially, with leaching being the last step.
3. simultaneously.
4. sequentially, but not in a particular order.
At present, the most important cause driving animals and plants to extinction is:
1. | Co-extinctions | 2. | Alien species invasions |
3. | Over-exploitation | 4. | Habitat loss and fragmentation |
1. | Stratification | 2. | Scarification |
3. | Standing crop | 4. | Standing state |
Ecological succession is:
1. gradual and predictable
2. gradual and unpredictable
3. sudden and predictable
4. sudden and unpredictable
Assertion (A): | The number of fish caught per trap is not a good measure of its total population density in the lake. |
Reason (R): | For ecological investigations, it is obligatory to count every individual in a population to estimate population density. |
1. | Both (A) and (R) are True but (R) does not explain (A). |
2. | Both (A) and (R) are False. |
3. | Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) explains (A). |
4. | (A) is True but (R) is False. |
Consider the given two statements:
I: | In most ecosystems, all the ecological pyramids are largely upright. |
II: | Pyramid of energy can be a notable exception to the above rule. |
1. Both I and II are correct.
2. Both I and II are incorrect.
3. Only II is correct.
4. Only I is correct.
Consider the two statements:
I: | Species diversity seen in tropical areas is much lower than that seen in temperate areas. |
II: | Temperate areas, unlike tropical areas are less seasonal, more constant and promote niche specialization. |
1. Both I and II are correct and II explains I.
2. Both I and II are correct but II does not explain I.
3. I is correct but II is incorrect.
4. Both I and II are incorrect.
The most common means of morphological defense in plants against herbivory are:
1. | Spines | 2. | Thick cuticle |
3. | Thorns | 4. | Slime |
Consider the following statements:
I: | Freshwater algal blooms, the result of an excess of nutrients [particularly phosphates] cause large scale fish mortality. |
II: | Algae grow very quickly under high nutrient availability, but each alga is short-lived, and the result is a high concentration of dead organic matter, the decay of which consumes dissolved oxygen in the water, resulting in hypoxic conditions. |
1. Both I and II are correct and II explains I
2. Both I and II are correct but II does not explain I
3. I is correct and II is incorrect
4. Both I and II are correct
According to CPCB, what particulate size is most harmful to humans:
1. more than 10 micrometers
2. between 5 to 10 micrometers
3. between 2.5 and 5 micrometers
4. less than 2.5 micrometers
The historic convention on Biological Diversity held in Rio de Janeiro in 1992 is known as:
1. | CITES Convention | 2. | The Earth Summit |
3. | G-16 Summit | 4. | MAB Programme |
Biodiversity should be conserved as it plays a major role in many ecosystem services that nature provides. Such an argument is called:
1. | broadly utilitarian | 2. | narrowly utilitarian |
3. | ethical | 4. | moral |
The Montreal Protocol was signed in 1987 to:
1. | prevent deforestation around the world |
2. | control the emission of ozone-depleting substances |
3. | control the greenhouse gases |
4. | prevent hazards from radioactive nuclear wastes |
Assertion (A): | Nuclear waste is an extremely potent pollutant and has to be dealt with utmost caution. |
Reason (R): | Radiation that is given by nuclear waste causes mutations at a very high rate. |
1. | Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) does not explain (A). |
2. | (A) is true but (R) is false. |
3. | (A) is false but (R) is true. |
4. | Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) explains (A). |
Assertion (A): | Greenhouse effect is harmful to life on earth. |
Reason (R): | It leads to increased risk in human beings for the development of certain cancers. |
1. | Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). |
2. | Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). |
3. | (A) is true but (R) is false. |
4. | Both (A) and (R) are false. |
Combustion of solid wastes in the absence of oxygen is known as:
1. | Incineration | 2. | Pyrolysis |
3. | Anaerobiosis | 4. | Burning |