Consider the given statements:
Statement I: | In alcohol fermentation in yeast, pyruvic acid decarboxylase and alcohol dehydrogenase convert pyruvic acid to carbon dioxide and ethanol. |
Statement II: | In lactic acid fermentation, lactate dehydrogenase reduces pyruvic acid to lactic acid and carbon dioxide in muscle cells during exercise. |
1. | Both Statement I and Statement II are correct |
2. | Both Statement I and Statement II are incorrect |
3. | Statement I is correct but Statement II is incorrect |
4. | Statement I is incorrect but Statement II is correct |
What causes the water to flow into the sieve tube at the source?
1. Diffusion of sucrose into the sieve tube, making it hypertonic.
2. Active transport of sucrose into the sieve tube, making it hypertonic.
3. Active pumping of water by the adjacent companion cell.
4. A lower water potential outside the sieve tube.
Identify the incorrectly matched pair:
1. | PS I | P700 is reaction center |
2. | RuBP | 5 carbon compound |
3. | PS II | P680 is reaction center |
4. | C3 plants | Kranz anatomy |
Substances that have a hydrophilic moiety:
1. have to be transported across the plasma membrane by active transport
2. can diffuse across the plasma membrane at a slower rate, if larger in size
3. do not need a concentration gradient to diffuse across the plasma membrane
4. need to be facilitated even along the concentration gradient
Pyruvic acid, the key product of glycolysis can have many metabolic fates. Under aerobic condition, it forms
1. | Lactic acid | 2. | CO2 + H2O |
3. | Acetyl CoA + CO2 | 4. | Ethanol + CO2 |
Respiratory Complex | Pathway for electron transport | |
1. | NADH dehydrogenase | NADH – FMN – [Fe-S] – Q |
2. | Succinic dehydrogenase | FADH2 – FMN - Q |
3. | Cytochrome bc1 | Cyt b – [Fe-S] – Cyt c1 |
4. | Cytochrome c oxidase | CuA – Cyt a – Cyt a3 – CuB |
1. | 2 carbon ketose sugar | 2. | 2 carbon aldose sugar |
3. | 5 carbon ketose sugar | 4. | 5 carbon aldose sugar |
Which one of the following will not directly affect transpiration?
1. Temperature | 2. Light |
3. Wind speed | 4. Chlorophyll content of leaves |
1. | Only I | 2. | Only II |
3. | Both I and II | 4. | Neither I nor II |
C. B. van Niel proved that:
1. | Plants produce glucose when they grow. |
2. | Blue and red light are effective for photosynthesis. |
3. | It is only the green parts of the plants that could release oxygen. |
4. | Hydrogen from a suitable oxidizable compound reduces carbon dioxide to carbohydrates. |
Difference in shapes of leaves produced in air and those produced in water represents heterophyllous development due to environment in:
1. Cotton | 2. Coriander |
3. Larkspur | 4. Butter cup |
I: | Deficiency symptoms of nitrogen, potassium and magnesium are visible first in the senescent leaves. |
II: | These elements are a part of the structural component of the cell and hence are not easily released. |
1. | Both I and II are correct and II explains I |
2. | Both I and II are correct but II does not explain I |
3. | I is correct and II is incorrect |
4. | I is incorrect and II is correct |
Statement I: | Green house crops such as tomatoes and bell pepper are allowed to grow in carbon dioxide enriched atmosphere. This leads to higher yields. |
Statement II: | C3 plants respond to higher carbon dioxide concentration by showing increased rates of photosynthesis, leading to higher productivity. |
1. | Both Statement I and Statement II are correct and Statement II explains Statement I |
2. | Both Statement I and Statement II are correct but Statement II does not explain Statement I |
3. | Statement I is correct but Statement II is incorrect |
4. | Statement I is incorrect but Statement II is correct |
The process of guttation takes place
1. When the root pressure is high and the rate of transpiration is low
2. When the root pressure is low and the rate of transpiration is high
3. When the root pressure equals the rate of transpiration
4. When the root pressure as well as rate of transpiration are high
Emulsification of fats occurs in small intestine and it:
1. Results in the formation of small fat droplets
2. Depends upon the polar structure of bile salts
3. Results in the formation of chylomicrons
4. Depends upon the polar structure of bile pigments
The major mode of transport of carbon dioxide in human body is:
1. | in combination with hemoglobin |
2. | in dissolved state in plasma |
3. | as carboxyhemoglobin |
4. | as bicarbonate |
The external intercostal muscles and the diaphragm contract:
1. during inhalation
2. during exhalation
3. during both inhalation and exhalation
4. during neither inhalation nor exhalation.
Kwashiokor | Marasmus | ||
A. | Deficiency of | Proteins | Proteins and calories |
B. | Age of onset | Less than one year | More than one year |
C. | Characteristic clinical feature | Oedema [swelling] | Emaciation [loss of muscle mass and subcutaneous fat] |
1. Only B | 2. Only C |
3. Only B and C | 4. A, B and C |
A column-shaped cell found in the respiratory and intestinal tracts, which secretes the main component of mucus, is the:
1. G cell | 2. enterochromaffin-like cell |
3. parietal cell | 4. goblet cell |
It is necessary that lungs must be present in anatomically air-tight chamber because:
1. we cannot directly alter the pulmonary volume
2. our lungs are not made of any elastic tissue
3. the pleural cavity always has a positive pressure with respect to pulmonary pressure
4. the partial pressure of oxygen in atmosphere is less than that in the alveoli
1. Abscisic acid | 2. Phenolic acids |
3. Para-ascorbic acid | 4. Gibberellic acid |
Our teeth are
1. Acrodont and homodont
2. Homodont and polyphyodont
3. Thecodont, diphyodont and heterodont
4. Acrodont, homodont and polyphyodont
All the following regarding red muscle fibers are true except:
1. They are adapted for slow and sustained activity
2. They have a high content of myoglobin
3. They are rich in mitochondria
4. They depend on anaerobic process for energy
Conditional absorption of water takes place mainly in:
1. PCT | 2. Loop of Henle |
3. DCT | 4. Collecting duct |
The presence of which of the following in urine would be abnormal?
1. sodium | 2. glucose |
3. urea | 4. creatinine |
Normal activities of the human heart are regulated:
1. Intrinsically
2. By the autonomic nervous system
3. By the somatic neural system
4. By the adrenal medullary hormones
The most toxic nitrogenous metabolic waste product is:
1. ammonia | 2. urea |
3. uric acid | 4. methane |
I: | Pulmonary circulation carries deoxygenated blood to the lungs and brings oxygenated blood back to the heart. |
II: | The systemic circulation provides nutrients, oxygen and other essential substances to the tissues and takes carbon dioxide and other harmful substances away for elimination. |
Where do you expect to find podocytes?
1. In the wall of afferent arteriole
2. In the wall of the DCT
3. In the lining of Bowman’s capsule
4. In the lining of Vasa recta
Which of the following parts of the human brain functions as a gateway to the cerebrum and is a major coordinating center for sensory and motor signaling?
1. Thalamus | 2. Hypothalamus |
3. Corpora quadrigemina | 4. Pons |
The vertebral column originally develops as a series of ______ vertebrae, but this number is eventually reduced to _________ vertebrae.
1. | 33, 26 | 2. | 31, 24 |
3. | 30, 26 | 4. | 33, 21 |
Match type of synovial joint in Column I with correct example in Column II and select the correct answer from the codes given below:
COLUMN I | COLUMN II | ||
A. | Ball and socket | a. | Gleno-humeral joint |
B. | Gliding | b. | First carpometacarpal joint |
C. | Saddle | c. | Between carpal bones |
D. | Condyloid | d. | Metacarpophalangeal joint |
Codes
A | B | C | D | |
1. | d | c | b | a |
2. | d | b | c | a |
3. | a | c | b | d |
4. | a | b | c | d |
1. | is comparatively more permeable to sodium ions and nearly impermeable to potassium ions. |
2. | is freely permeable to sodium ions and potassium ions. |
3. | is impermeable to sodium ions and potassium ions. |
4. | is comparatively more permeable to potassium ions and nearly impermeable to sodium ions. |
Column I | Column II |
A. Peripheral neural system | P. Comprises of all nerves associated with brain and spinal cord |
B. Somatic neural system | Q. Relays impulses from CNS to skeletal muscles |
C. Visceral neural system | R. Transmits impulse from CNS to involuntary organs and smooth muscles |
D. Autonomic neural system | S. Part of PNS where impulses travel from CNS to the viscera and from the viscera to the CNS |
A | B | C | D | |
1. | P | Q | R | S |
2. | Q | R | S | P |
3. | R | S | P | Q |
4. | S | P | Q | R |
Formed elements and clotting factors are removed from the blood. The remaining fluid will be called as:
1. Plasma | 2. Lymph |
3. Serum | 4. Antiserum |
1. | Fulcrum | 2. | Effort |
3. | Resistance | 4. | Load |
Identify the incorrectly matched pair:
1. Average duration of a cardiac cycle: 0.8 sec
2. Stroke volume of each ventricle: 120 ml
3. Highest normal systolic blood pressure: 140 mm Hg
4. Highest normal diastolic blood pressure: 90 mm Hg
Membranous labyrinth of the inner ear is surrounded by:
1. Perilymph | 2. Endolymph |
3. Hemolymph | 4. Air |
The duration of inspiration can be reduced by:
1. | an increase of carbon dioxide in blood |
2. | a chemical signal from aortic and carotid bodies |
3. | a neural signal from pneumotaxic center |
4. | an increase in hydrogen ion concentration in CSF |
Hormones which interact with intracellular receptors:
1. generate second messengers
2. depolarize the membrane of the target cells
3. stop the enzymatic actions of membrane proteins
4. regulate gene expression
The actions of adrenaline will include all the following except:
1. Piloerection
2. Pupilary dilation
3. Glycogenesis
4. Positive ionotropic and chronotropic effect on heart
ADH and oxytocin are synthesized by:
1. Anterior pituitary | 2. Hypothalamus |
3. Pars intermedia | 4. Pars nervosa |
When the ciliary muscles in the human eye contract:
1. the lens becomes more convex, generally improving the focus for closer objects
2. the lens becomes more convex, generally improving the focus for farther objects
3. the lens becomes more flat, generally improving the focus for closer objects
4. the lens becomes more flat, generally improving the focus for farther objects
1. | Calcium | 2. | Iron |
3. | Iodine | 4. | Nitrogen |
What would be true for the cells shown in the given diagram?
1. A is involved in gestation and B in olfaction 2. A is a part of sympathetic and B of parasympathetic division of ANS 3. A secretes myelin sheath around axons in CNS while B does it in PNS 4. A is responsible for scotopic vision and B is responsible for photopic vision |
Which one of the following pairs correctly matches a hormone with a disease resulting from its deficiency?
1. Relaxin-Gigantism | 2. Prolactin-Cretinism |
3. Parathyroid hormone-Tetany | 4. Insulin-Diabetes insipidus |